US Map

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Explore map of the United States showing all the 50 states, state capitals, major roads, country capital, etc.

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List of US States

S.N.	State Name	Capital Name
1	Alabama	Montgomery
2	Alaska	Juneau
3	Arizona	Phoenix
4	Arkansas	Little Rock
5	California	Sacramento
6	Colorado	Denver
7	Connecticut	Hartford
8	Delaware	Dover
9	Florida	Tallahassee
10	Georgia	Atlanta
11	Hawaii	Honolulu
12	Idaho	Boise
13	Illinois	Springfield
14	Indiana	Indianapolis
15	Iowa	Des Moines
16	Kansas	Topeka
17	Kentucky	Frankfort
18	Louisiana	Baton Rouge
19	Maine	Augusta
20	Maryland	Annapolis
21	Massachusetts	Boston
22	Michigan	Lansing
23	Minnesota	Saint Paul
24	Mississippi	Jackson
25	Missouri	Jefferson City
26	Montana	Helena
27	Nebraska	Lincoln
28	Nevada	Carson City
29	New Hampshire	Concord
30	New Jersey	Trenton
31	New Mexico	Santa Fe
32	New York	Albany
33	North Carolina	Raleigh
34	North Dakota	Bismarck
35	Ohio	Columbus
36	Oklahoma	Oklahoma City
37	Oregon	Salem
38	Pennsylvania	Harrisburg
39	Rhode Island	Providence
40	South Carolina	Columbia
41	South Dakota	Pierre
42	Tennessee	Nashville
43	Texas	Austin
44	Utah	Salt Lake City
45	Vermont	Montpelier
46	Virginia	Richmond
47	Washington	Olympia
48	West Virginia	Charleston
49	Wisconsin	Madison
50	Wyoming	Cheyenne

About the United States

The United States of America (USA) operates as a federal republic which occupies most of North American territory. The country consists of 50 states and Washington D.C. as well as five major unincorporated territories and several minor possessions which makes it the third-largest nation by both land area and human population. The country extends across 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million square kilometers) which is slightly smaller than the combined size of Europe. According to 2024 population estimates the United States has more than 334 million inhabitants which ranks it as the third-largest nation globally behind China and India. The United States borders Canada to the north and Mexico to the south while having maritime borders with Russia and the Bahamas along with other nations. The United States encompasses diverse geographical regions including Alaskan arctic tundra and Hawaiian tropical zones as well as Appalachian mountain ranges in the east and Rocky Mountain chains and western deserts.

Geography

The United States spans different geographic regions which include multiple landforms and ecosystems. The eastern United States contains the Appalachian Mountains which stand as one of the oldest mountain ranges that extends from Canada down to northern Alabama. The central part of the country contains the Great Plains which forms a vast level region that functions as a major agricultural hub worldwide. The Rocky Mountains rise as towering peaks that extend from New Mexico all the way to Alaska in the western part of the country. The Rockies create a dry landscape which gives way to the Great Basin and Mojave Desert and the Colorado River-carved Grand Canyon. The Pacific Coast features both the Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges together with the productive Central Valley of California.

The United States is endowed with abundant freshwater resources, with the Mississippi, Missouri, and Colorado Rivers being some of the major river systems. It also encompasses the Great Lakes—Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, which are the largest group of freshwater lakes in the world by surface area. The country’s climate is quite diverse due to its size and topography, from Arctic in northern Alaska to subtropical in Florida and tropical in Hawaii. Hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, and wildfires are some of the natural disasters that are common, especially in vulnerable areas like the Gulf Coast, Midwest, and western states.

History

The United States territory has been occupied by the Navajo Cherokee Sioux and Iroquois Indigenous peoples together with other groups for at least 15,000 years. European explorers started their expeditions in the late 15th century by exploring the southern and western regions of Spain as well as the northern territories of France and the eastern coast of Britain. The first enduring English settlement emerged at Jamestown in Virginia during 1607. The British Empire developed thirteen colonies which served as important economic and political entities throughout the following century and a half.

During the 18th century, tensions between the colonies and Great Britain reached their peak in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). After the colonies won their independence, the United States declared itself an independent nation on July 4, 1776, and became a sovereign nation with the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. The U.S. Constitution was adopted in 1787, which established a federal government with checks and balances among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

During the 19th century, the United States expanded rapidly westward, driven by the concept of Manifest Destiny. This period saw the Louisiana Purchase, the annexation of Texas, the acquisition of territories following the Mexican-American War, and the California Gold Rush. However, westward expansion was also marked by violent conflict with Native American tribes and the displacement of Indigenous populations. The issue of slavery, particularly its expansion into new territories, ultimately led to the Civil War (1861–1865), a conflict between the northern Union states and the southern Confederate states. The Union's victory preserved the nation and led to the abolition of slavery, although racial inequality persisted long after.

Modern Development

During the twentieth century the United States gained its position as a worldwide superpower. The United States took part in both World War I and World War II which led to its position as a leading military economic and cultural power. The United States experienced fast industrialization and technological advancement during the post-war era which established its position as a leading scientific power and aviation nation and space exploration leader after the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969. The nation experienced significant domestic social and political transformations because of the Civil Rights Movement and women's rights movement and other equality and justice advocacy efforts.

The United States functions as a constitutional federal republic with democratic governance traditions that remain strong in the present. The nation holds United Nations membership together with NATO and World Bank affiliation while maintaining its position as the world leader in nominal GDP and possessing advanced infrastructure and educational and cultural sectors. The United States functions as a leading global power despite its ongoing challenges regarding political polarization and social inequality and climate change.

History

The United States of America operates as a federal republic which includes 50 states together with a federal district and five major territories and multiple possessions. The United States ranks as the world's third largest nation by land area with 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million square kilometers) of territory behind Russia and Canada. The United States population reached more than 331 million in 2023 which positions it as the world's third most populous country after China and India. The United States maintains one of the most multicultural populations worldwide because of its long history of immigration and territorial growth.

The country holds the position of largest nominal GDP in the world with a value exceeding $26 trillion during 2023 because of its strong sectors in technology and healthcare and manufacturing and finance and services. The nation maintains its position as a worldwide leader through its military power and technological advancements and cultural dominance while spending more than $800 billion on defense annually. The United States functions as a constitutional federal republic with presidential leadership which divides authority between the executive and legislative and judicial branches.

Early History and Colonization

The United States territory existed as home to Indigenous peoples who built advanced societies such as the Mississippian culture and Ancestral Puebloans and numerous tribal nations for thousands of years. The late 15th century marked the start of European exploration when Spanish and French and Dutch and English settlers founded their settlements across the Atlantic coast and throughout the interior regions. The British colonies expanded quickly during the 17th and 18th centuries which established the base for a developing society shaped by Enlightenment values and commercial activities and farming systems.

Independence and Formation of a Nation

The American Revolution (1775–1783) emerged from escalating conflicts between Great Britain and the thirteen American colonies because of disagreements about taxation and representation and governance systems. The Declaration of Independence became official on July 4, 1776 when the colonies declared their right to govern themselves and achieve freedom. The American victory in the war became possible through French and additional international support which led to the achievement of independence. The United States gained its supreme law through the 1789 ratification of the Constitution which created a federal government structure and includes the Bill of Rights to protect civil liberties. George Washington took office as the first president while establishing vital principles for democratic leadership.

Expansion, Conflict, and Civil War

The United States expanded westward during the 19th century through Manifest Destiny which led to acquiring large territories through the Louisiana Purchase and Texas annexation and Mexican-American War. The westward expansion created new conflicts about slavery and Native American removal and state sovereignty. The American Civil War (1861–1865) began when the Northern Union forces clashed with the Southern Confederacy. The conflict killed more than 600,000 people while maintaining national unity and establishing freedom for all people through the 13th Amendment. The Reconstruction period attempted to merge freed slaves into political and social life but racial discrimination continued to exist as a fundamental system.

Industrialization and Global Emergence

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries the United States developed into a leading industrial nation. The economy expanded through railroad development and steel manufacturing and oil extraction and manufacturing while European and Asian immigrants brought both workforce and cultural diversity to the nation. The United States gained rising international influence through its foreign policy actions including the Spanish-American War of 1898 which resulted in the acquisition of Puerto Rico and Guam and the Philippines. The first part of the 20th century brought progressive changes which improved working conditions and granted voting rights to women and reduced social economic disparities.

World Wars and Global Leadership

The United States joined World War I in 1917 which shifted the conflict toward victory for the Allied forces. The United States entered World War II after Japan launched its surprise attack on Pearl Harbor during 1941 following its period of international separation. The United States achieved victory against the Axis powers through its military strength and industrial capabilities which established it as a superpower by 1945. The United States gained its position as a worldwide leader through the establishment of the United Nations and NATO and other essential international organizations during the postwar period. The Soviet Union and the United States fought the Cold War throughout most of the twentieth century through ideological battles and nuclear arms races and secret military interventions.

Civil Rights, Social Movements, and Modern Era

The Civil Rights Movement during the mid-20th century brought an end to segregation while establishing legal protections for African Americans and other minority groups in the United States. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 became two of the most important laws which transformed American democracy. The period brought significant social changes through the women's rights movement and environmental activism and immigration and identity debates.

The late 20th and early 21st centuries experienced economic expansion through technological progress and global market expansion yet faced new difficulties including rising political divisions and growing social economic gaps and worldwide conflicts. The September 11 attacks in 2001 triggered major changes in both foreign and domestic policy which resulted in military interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq. The COVID-19 pandemic together with its economic consequences demonstrated both the strength and weaknesses of the United States during the recent period.

Current Standing

The United States maintains its position as a dominant power in worldwide political dynamics and economic systems and cultural influences. The United States maintains its position as a leading world power through its military strength and technological leadership and its dominant position in the entertainment industry. The nation deals with multiple urgent issues which include climate change alongside healthcare reform and racial inequality and immigration policy and maintaining domestic needs against international duties. The United States currently faces a critical decision point between its established past and its necessary evolution into the modern world.

Geography

North America contains the United States which spans across multiple time zones and diverse geographical areas. The country spans 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million square kilometers) of land area which makes it the world's third largest nation behind Russia and Canada. The United States population reached 331 million in 2023 while its residents live in both large cities and extensive rural areas. The nation extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west while sharing borders with Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The country consists of 48 contiguous states and two non-contiguous states Alaska and Hawaii together with several overseas territories across the Caribbean and Pacific regions.

Physical Features and Landscapes The United States features diverse landscapes which include both elevated mountain ranges and extensive flat regions. The Appalachian Mountains which form the eastern border of the United States represent one of the planet's oldest mountain ranges while the Rocky Mountains in the west reach heights above 4,300 meters. The Great Plains stretch between these mountain ranges as a vast grassland area which enables substantial agricultural activities. The Mississippi River system functions as one of the world's largest water systems to drain central United States territory while serving as a critical transportation and commercial route. The Grand Canyon was created by the Colorado River which flows through the United States along with the Missouri and Ohio rivers.

The western United States features two major desert regions known as Mojave and Sonoran Deserts together with distinctive geological structures across Utah Arizona and Nevada. The coastal regions display different environments through their combination of Atlantic sandy shores and Pacific rocky coastlines and the tropical Everglades wetlands in Florida. The state of Alaska brings glaciers and tundra landscapes and Denali stands as North America's highest peak at 20,310 feet (6,190 meters) while Hawaii displays volcanic islands that emerged from tectonic plate movements.

Climate and Environmental Zones The United States contains all major climate zones because of its extensive size and wide range of latitudes. The Northeast region has humid continental weather patterns with freezing winters and hot summers but the Southeast experiences humid subtropical conditions that bring hurricane threats. The Midwest faces harsh winter conditions and scorching summer heat while experiencing tornadoes throughout its "Tornado Alley" region. The dry conditions of the Southwest create a dramatic difference with the Pacific Northwest which supports lush temperate rainforests.

The climate of Alaska consists of subarctic and arctic zones which experience extended harsh winters together with short cool summers. The tropical climate of Hawaii exists because trade winds create a moderating effect on the weather. The diverse environmental conditions between these regions determine how people farm and where they choose to live. The nation's economic foundation depends on its abundant natural resources which include productive land and water sources and woodlands and energy deposits.

Natural Resources and Biodiversity The United States possesses an extensive collection of natural resources which includes coal and oil and natural gas and copper and gold and timber. The Great Plains and Mississippi Basin agricultural regions generate corn and wheat and soybeans and other essential crops which establish the United States as a major global food exporting nation. Forests occupy thirty percent of the total land surface while supporting economic activities and maintaining environmental stability.

The United States displays remarkable biodiversity through its diverse ecosystems which span from Alaska's Arctic tundra to Florida and Hawaii's tropical coral reefs. The bald eagle and bison and grizzly bear and alligator represent distinct animal species that represent different parts of the country. The United States protects its environmental heritage through national parks and wildlife refuges and conservation laws yet faces ongoing environmental threats from habitat destruction and pollution and climate change.

Human Geography and Urbanization Geography has been the main factor which determined how people settled in different areas. The combination of coastal areas and river valleys created natural settlement zones while industrial development brought people to settle in the Northeast and Midwest regions. The United States has five major cities which attract millions of people because they offer different economic prospects: New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston and Miami. The Sun Belt region which includes the Southern and Western parts of the United States has become a fast-growing area because of its pleasant climate and developing business sector.

The extensive transportation network of interstate highways and rail systems and major ports maintains the United States as a leading global trading nation. The transformation of natural spaces through urbanization has occurred but vast rural and frontier territories continue to exist to support agricultural activities and mining operations and recreational activities.

Territorial Extent The United States extends its territory through Alaska and Hawaii which reach into Arctic and Pacific regions beyond the mainland states. The United States maintains territories including Puerto Rico and Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands and American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands which enhance the country's geographical range. The territories of the United States extend the nation's oceanic domain and military reach and introduce distinctive cultural and natural features.