World Physical Map

Physical Features of Earth

Feature	Value
Land surface	149,000,000 km² (29.2% of total surface)
Water surface	361,000,000 km² (70.8% of total surface)
Equatorial circumferences	40,075 km (24,901 mi)
Meridional circumference	40,009 km (24,860 mi)
Equatorial diameter	12,756.3 km (7,926.4 mi)
Polar diameter	12,714 km (7,900 mi)
Polar radius	6,356.89 km (3,949.99 mi)
Volume of the Earth	1,080,000,000,000 km³
Mass	5.98x1024 kg

Continents and Population

Size

Continents and Land Masses	Area (km²)	Percent
World	149,000,000	100
Afro-Eurasia	84,580,000	57
Eurasia	54,210,000	36
Asia	43,810,000	29
Americas	42,330,000	28
Africa	30,370,000	20
North America	24,494,000	16
South America	17,840,000	12
Antarctica	13,720,000	9.2
Europe	10,400,000	7
Oceania	9,142,000	6
Australia-New Guinea	8,500,000	5.7
Australia mainland	7,600,000	5.1

Population

Continents and Land Masses	Population (approx.)	Percent	Density (h/km²)
World	7,560,000,000	100	43.29
Afro-Eurasia	5,400,000,000	84	63.84
Eurasia	4,510,000,000	70	83.19
Asia	3,800,000,000	59	86.74
Africa	990,000,000	14	21.03
Americas	986,000,000	14	29.17
Europe	770,000,000	11	70.15
North America	515,000,000	8	28.87
South America	471,000,000	5.8	27.04
Oceania	40,800,000	0.55	3.44
Australia-New Guinea	30,000,000	0.5	3.28
Australia mainland	23,000,786	0.3	2.47
Antarctica	1,000	0.002	~0.00

Chemical Composition of the Earth's Crust

Compound	Formula	Continental Composition	Oceanic Composition
silica	SiO₂	60.60%	50.10%
alumina	Al₂O₃	15.90%	15.70%
lime	CaO	6.41%	11.80%
magnesia	MgO	4.66%	10.30%
iron oxide	FeOT	6.71%	8.30%
sodium oxide	Na₂O	3.07%	2.21%
potassium oxide	K₂O	1.81%	0.11%
titanium dioxide	TiO₂	0.72%	1.10%
phosphorus pentoxide	P₂O₅	0.13%	0.10%
manganese oxide	MnO	0.10%	0.11%

Geologic Layers of Earth

Depth km	Component Layer	Density g/cm3
0-60	Lithosphere	—
0-35	Crust	2.2-2.9
35-660	Upper mantle	3.4-4.4
660-2890	Lower mantle	3.4-5.6
100-700	Asthenosphere	—
2890-5100	Outer core	9.9-12.2
5100-6378	Inner core	12.8-13.1

Earth's Major Plates

Plate name	Area 10⁶ km²
Pacific Plate	103.3
African Plate	78
North American Plate	75.9
Eurasian Plate	67.8
Antarctic Plate	60.9
Indo-Australian Plate	47.2
South American Plate	43.6