World Map
The 206 listed countries or states can be divided into 3 categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 member countries, 2 observer countries and 11 other countries. According to the sovereignty dispute, 190 countries have undisputed sovereignty and countries have disputed sovereignty (16 countries, of which there are 6 member countries, 1 observer country and 9 other countries).
World Map with Countries
About World Map
Explore the above World Map with all the sovereign countries labeled on it. It can only be used for free for education purposes only.
A world map is a representation of Earth which shows the maximum or entire surface of the earth. World maps face the issue of projection due to their scale. World maps carried out in 2D (two dimension) by requirement disfigure the presentation of the 3D (three dimensional) image of earth’s surface. Although this is true for all maps, these disfigures become highly noticeable in a map of the world. Various approaches have been created and used to show world maps that deal with artistic and distinct technical goals.
Plotting a world map needs comprehensive knowledge of Earth, its continents, and its oceans. From early history to the Middle ages, charting a correct map of the world would have been impractical because fewer than half of the coastlines of earth and only a tiny portion of its global interiors were recognized to any civilization. Awareness of the surface of the earth increased speedily with exploration that started at the time of the European Renaissance and many of the coastlines of the world had been diagramed, slightly roughly, by the time of the mid 1700s and the global interiors by the 20th century.
World Maps commonly show either physical features or political features. Political world maps highlight territorial borders and human town-centre or settlement. Physical world maps show geographical aspects like soil type, mountains, land use, rivers, landforms, plateau, peaks, lakes, etc. Geological world maps display not only the Earth’s surface, but features of the underlying rock, subsurface structures, and fault lines. Choropleth world maps use colour complexion and depth to highlight differences among regions like economic and demographic figures.
World map shows the continents, countries, oceans, seas, rivers, mountains, and other geographical features. The most commonly used world map projection is the Mercator projection, which distorts the size of land masses at the poles, making them appear larger than they actually are. Other projections, such as the Robinson projection or the Winkel Tripel projection, attempt to minimize these distortions and provide a more accurate representation of the Earth's surface.
The world map is divided into five major oceans, which are the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern, and Arctic. The seven continents are Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America.
The world map is used for a variety of purposes, including education, navigation, tourism, and research. It can help people understand the world's physical and political geography, as well as the relationships between different countries and regions.
World Map Projections
All maps of the world are developed on one of various world map projections, or mechanisms of depicting an earth on a plane. All world map projections disfigure geographical or physical features, directions, and distances in some manner. The many world map projections that have been created and used add distinct ways of adjusting accuracy and the inescapable misrepresentation implicit in developing world maps.
Reasonably the most famous map projection is the Mercator, formerly crafted as a nautical chart.
Thematic World Maps
A thematic world map displays geographical statistics related to one or a many focused topics. These world maps can describe social, physical, political, economic, cultural, agricultural, sociological, or several other statistics of a region, city, region, state, nation, and continent.
Historical World Maps
Prehistoric world maps show illustrations of the earth from the Iron Age to the Discovery Age and the evolution of contemporary geography at the time of the initial modern era. Old world maps show data about regions that were recognized in the past, along with the cultural and philosophical basis of the world map, which were generally much distinct from present-day cartography. World maps are one medium by which scientists circulate their intelligence and spread them to coming generations.
World History
World history is a vast and complex subject that covers the entire scope of human civilization. It involves studying the development of human societies and cultures over time, examining the key events and people that have shaped our world, and analyzing the factors that have driven progress, conflict, and change. From the emergence of early civilizations to the modern era, world history has been marked by a constant interplay between cultural, economic, and political forces that have shaped the course of human history.
The earliest known civilizations emerged in Mesopotamia and Egypt around 4000 BCE. These societies developed complex systems of writing, agriculture, and trade, laying the foundation for the growth of urban centers and the rise of powerful empires. In Mesopotamia, the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians built some of the earliest known city-states and empires, while in Egypt, the pharaohs established a centralized kingdom that lasted for thousands of years.
As these early civilizations developed, they came into contact with each other through trade, diplomacy, and warfare, leading to the spread of ideas and technologies across the ancient world. One of the most significant developments during this period was the rise of the Persian Empire, which emerged in the 6th century BCE and expanded across much of the Middle East, Asia Minor, and parts of Europe. Led by kings such as Cyrus the Great and Darius the Great, the Persian Empire was a major power for several centuries and played a crucial role in shaping the political and cultural landscape of the ancient world.
In Greece, a series of city-states emerged during the 8th and 7th centuries BCE, including Athens, Sparta, and Corinth. These city-states developed unique political systems, cultural traditions, and artistic styles, and made significant contributions to philosophy, literature, and science. The Greek city-states also came into contact with other civilizations, including the Persian Empire, and engaged in a series of wars that would shape the course of Western civilization.
One of the most famous conflicts between Greece and Persia was the Persian Wars, which began in 490 BCE when the Persian Empire invaded Greece. The Greeks, led by Athens and Sparta, defeated the Persian forces in a series of battles, including the famous Battle of Marathon. This victory helped to establish the Greek city-states as major players in the ancient world and laid the foundation for the growth of Western civilization.
In the centuries that followed, the power of Greece declined and was replaced by a series of powerful empires, including the Roman Empire. Founded in 753 BCE, Rome grew to become one of the largest and most powerful empires in history, stretching from Spain to Egypt and from Britain to the Black Sea. The Roman Empire was known for its advanced engineering and architectural achievements, its legal and political systems, and its military might. However, internal conflicts and external pressures eventually led to its decline and collapse in the 5th century CE.
As the Roman Empire fell, Europe entered a period of political and social instability known as the Dark Ages. During this time, various kingdoms and empires rose and fell, and Europe experienced significant cultural, economic, and technological changes. One of the most important developments during this period was the emergence of Christianity, which spread rapidly throughout Europe and became the dominant religion of the continent.
In the Middle East, the rise of Islam in the 7th century CE would have a profound impact on world history. Founded by the prophet Muhammad, Islam quickly spread across the Arabian Peninsula and into the surrounding regions, creating a powerful new civilization that would rival the Byzantine and Persian empires. The Islamic Golden Age, which lasted from the 8th to the 14th centuries, was a time of significant cultural and scientific advancements, including the development of algebra, astronomy, and medicine
World Physical Features
The physical features of the world refer to the natural formations and characteristics of the earth's surface. These features are the result of natural processes that have shaped the earth over millions of years. Some of the physical features of the world include mountains, rivers, deserts, oceans, and forests.
Mountains are one of the most striking physical features of the world. They are typically formed by the movement of tectonic plates and are often located at the boundaries of these plates. The Himalayas, for example, were formed when the Indian plate collided with the Eurasian plate. Mountains come in many different shapes and sizes, from small hills to towering peaks like Mount Everest, which is the highest point on earth at 29,029 feet (8,848 meters) above sea level.
Rivers are another important physical feature of the world. They are formed by the movement of water through the earth's surface and can be found in every continent on earth. Rivers are essential to life on earth, providing water for drinking, irrigation, and transportation. Some of the world's most famous rivers include the Nile, the Amazon, and the Mississippi.
Deserts are another physical feature of the world. They are areas that receive very little rainfall and are characterized by their arid landscapes and extreme temperatures. The largest desert in the world is the Sahara, which covers much of northern Africa. Other notable deserts include the Arabian Desert, the Gobi Desert, and the Mojave Desert.
Oceans are the largest physical feature of the world, covering more than 70% of the earth's surface. They are essential to life on earth, providing a home to countless species of marine life and regulating the earth's climate. The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world, covering more than 63 million square miles (163 million square kilometers).
Forests are another important physical feature of the world. They are home to a vast array of plant and animal species and are essential to the health of the planet. Forests are also important sources of lumber, fuel, and other resources. The Amazon Rainforest is the largest forest in the world, covering more than 2.7 million square miles (6.7 million square kilometers).
In addition to these major physical features, the world is also home to many other unique and interesting natural formations. These include canyons, waterfalls, glaciers, and volcanoes. Each of these features has its own unique history and characteristics, and they all contribute to the rich tapestry of the earth's natural beauty.
Canyons are deep valleys that are often carved by rivers over millions of years. The Grand Canyon in the United States is one of the most famous canyons in the world, known for its stunning views and unique rock formations.
Waterfalls are another interesting natural feature of the world. They are formed when a river or stream flows over a steep drop in elevation, creating a cascade of water. Some of the world's most famous waterfalls include Niagara Falls, Victoria Falls, and Angel Falls.
Glaciers are massive sheets of ice that form over thousands of years in areas with very cold temperatures. They are essential to regulating the earth's climate and are an important source of freshwater. The largest glacier in the world is the Lambert-Fisher Glacier in Antarctica, which measures more than 250 miles (400 kilometers) long.
Volcanoes are another fascinating natural feature of the world. They are formed when magma from deep within the earth's crust rises to the surface and erupts. Volcanoes can be destructive, but they also create new land and help to recycle the earth's crust. The largest volcano in the world is Mauna Loa in Hawaii, which stands more than 13,000 feet (3,962 meters) above sea level.
World Economy
The economy of the world is a complex and dynamic system that is constantly evolving. It is influenced by a range of factors such as politics, technology, trade, natural resources, and human capital. The world economy can be broadly divided into developed and developing countries. Developed countries are characterized by high levels of industrialization, a highly skilled workforce, and advanced technology. Developing countries, on the other hand, are typically characterized by lower levels of industrialization, a less skilled workforce, and less advanced technology.
The global economy has grown significantly over the past few decades, with many countries experiencing significant economic growth and development. However, this growth has been uneven, with some regions and countries experiencing significant economic progress while others have struggled to keep pace. In this article, we will explore some of the key trends and issues shaping the global economy today.
Globalization and Trade
One of the defining features of the world economy today is globalization. Advances in technology and transportation have made it easier than ever for goods, services, and people to move across borders. As a result, trade between countries has increased dramatically in recent decades. According to the World Trade Organization (WTO), world merchandise trade grew by 4.0% in 2019, reaching $18.89 trillion.
Trade has brought many benefits to countries around the world. It has allowed them to access new markets, promote economic growth, and create jobs. However, globalization has also created challenges. One of the most significant challenges is the impact of trade on jobs and wages. As companies have moved production to countries with lower labor costs, workers in developed countries have seen their wages stagnate or decline. This has contributed to rising inequality and political polarization in many countries.
The rise of protectionism is another challenge to the global trading system. Protectionist policies, such as tariffs and quotas, can limit trade between countries and harm economic growth. In recent years, there has been a rise in protectionist sentiment in many countries, with some governments imposing new trade barriers. This trend has the potential to harm global economic growth and lead to increased political tensions.
Technology and Innovation
Advances in technology have been a major driver of economic growth and development around the world. New technologies, such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and the Internet of Things, have the potential to transform many industries and create new economic opportunities. However, technology also has the potential to disrupt existing industries and displace workers.
The adoption of new technologies is not evenly distributed around the world. Developed countries are typically better positioned to take advantage of new technologies, given their higher levels of education and infrastructure. This has the potential to widen the gap between developed and developing countries and exacerbate existing inequalities.
Innovation is another key driver of economic growth. Countries that invest in research and development (R&D) are more likely to create new industries and generate economic growth. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), global R&D spending grew by 5.2% in 2019, reaching $2.2 trillion. However, there are concerns that some countries are not investing enough in R&D, which could limit their ability to compete in the global economy.
Climate Change and Sustainability
Climate change and sustainability are increasingly important issues for the global economy. Climate change poses significant risks to economic growth and stability, as extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and other climate-related impacts can damage infrastructure, disrupt supply chains, and harm human health. In addition, there is growing recognition that the world's natural resources are finite and that current patterns of production and consumption are unsustainable.
Many governments and businesses are taking steps to address these issues. For example, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a framework for countries to promote sustainable development and address key challenges such as poverty, hunger, and climate.
Sovereign Countries in the World
S.N. | Recognised Countries in the World | Capital | Population | Currency | Dialing Code | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi) |
1 | Afghanistan | Kabul | 26,849,000 | Afghani | +93 | 652,864 | 251,827 |
2 | Albania | Tirana | 3,020,209 | Lek | +355 | 28,748 | 11,100 |
3 | Algeria | Algiers | 33,333,267 | Dinar | +213 | 2,381,740 | 919,595 |
4 | Andorra | Andorra la Vella | 85,458 | Euro | +376 | 468 | 181 |
5 | Angola | Luanda | 16,941,000 | Kwanza | +244 | 1,246,700 | 481,354 |
6 | Antigua and Barbuda | St. John's | 89,000 | East Caribbean dollar | +1 268 | 440 | 170 |
7 | Argentina | Buenos Aires | 43,131,966 | Peso | +54 | 2,780,400 | 1,073,518 |
8 | Armenia | Yerevan | 3,060,631 | Dram | +374 | 29,743 | 11,484 |
9 | Australia | Canberra | 23,923,600 | Australian Dollar | +61 | 7,741,220 | 2,988,902 |
10 | Austria | Vienna | 8,223,062 | Euro | +43 | 83,871 | 32,383 |
11 | Azerbaijan | Baku | 9,686,210 | Manat | +994 | 86,600 | 33,436 |
12 | Bahamas | Nassau | 379,000 | Bahamian dollar | +1 242 | 13,878 | 5,358 |
13 | Bahrain | Manama | 1,781,000 | Bahraini dinar | +973 | 765 | 295.37 |
14 | Bangladesh | Dhaka | 158,762,000 | Taka | +880 | 147,570 | 56,977 |
15 | Barbados | Bridgetown | 283,000 | Barbadian dollar | +1 246 | 439 | 166 |
16 | Belarus | Minsk | 9,608,058 | Belarusian ruble | +375 | 207,600 | 80,155 |
17 | Belgium | Brussels | 11,239,755 | Euro | +32 | 30,528 | 11,787 |
18 | Belize | Belmopan | 369,000 | Belize dollar | +501 | 22,966 | 8,867 |
19 | Benin | Porto-Novo | 8,439,000 | CFA franc | +229 | 112,622 | 43,484 |
20 | Bhutan | Thimphu | 760,000 | Bhutanese ngultrum | +975 | 38,394 | 14,824 |
21 | Bolivia | Sucre | 10,027,254 | Boliviano | +591 | 1,098,581 | 424,164 |
22 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Sarajevo | 3,871,643 | Convertible mark | +387 | 51,197 | 19,767 |
23 | Botswana | Gaborone | 1,839,833 | Pula | +267 | 581,726 | 224,606 |
24 | Brazil | Brasília | 204,893,000 | Real | +55 | 8,514,877 | 3,287,612 |
25 | Brunei | Bandar Seri Begawan | 421,000 | Brunei dollar | +673 | 5,765 | 2,226 |
26 | Bulgaria | Sofia | 6,924,716 | Lev | +359 | 110,879 | 42,811 |
27 | Burkina Faso | Ouagadougou | 13,228,000 | CFA franc | +226 | 274,000 | 105,792 |
28 | Burundi | Bujumbura | 7,548,000 | Burundian franc | +257 | 27,830 | 10,745 |
29 | Cambodia | Phnom Penh | 15,040,000 | Riel | +855 | 181,035 | 69,898 |
30 | Cameroon | Yaoundé | 17,795,000 | CFA franc | +237 | 475,442 | 183,569 |
31 | Canada | Ottawa | 35,819,000 | Canadian dollar | +1 | 9,984,670 | 3,854,085 |
32 | Cape Verde | Praia | 420,979 | Cape Verdean escudo | +238 | 4,033 | 1,557 |
33 | Central African Republic | Bangui | 4,216,666 | CFA franc | +236 | 622,984 | 240,535 |
34 | Chad | N'Djamena | 10,146,000 | CFA franc | +235 | 1,284,000 | 495,755 |
35 | Chile | Santiago | 18,006,407 | Peso | +56 | 756,102 | 291,933 |
36 | China (PRC) | Beijing | 1,370,793,000 | Renminbi (yuan) | +86 | 9,596,961 | 3,705,407 |
37 | Colombia | Bogotá / Santa Fe de Bogotá | 48,347,000 | Peso | +57 | 1,138,910 | 439,736 |
38 | Comoros | Moroni | 798,000 | Comorian franc | +269 | 2,235 | 863 |
39 | Costa Rica | San José | 35,819,000 | Costa Rican colón | +506 | 51,100 | 19,653 |
40 | Croatia | Zagreb | 4,470,534 | Kuna | +385 | 56,594 | 21,851 |
41 | Cuba | Havana | 11,252,000 | Cuban peso, Cuban convertible peso | +53 | 109,884 | 42,426 |
42 | Cyprus | Nicosia | 1,172,458 | Euro | +357 | 9,251 | 3,572 |
43 | Czech Republic | Prague | 10,538,275 | Czech koruna | +420 | 78,867 | 30,451 |
44 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Kinshasa | 75,507,308 | Congolese franc | +243 | 2,344,858 | 905,355 |
45 | Denmark | Copenhagen | 5,569,077 | Danish krone | +45 | 43,094 | 16,639 |
46 | Djibouti | Djibouti City | 906,000 | Djiboutian franc | +253 | 23,200 | 8,958 |
47 | Dominica | Roseau | 71,000 | East Caribbean dollar | +1 767 | 750 | 290 |
48 | Dominican Republic | Santo Domingo | 9,980,000 | Dominican Peso | +1 809, +1 829, +1 849 | 48,442 | 18,704 |
49 | Ecuador | Quito | 16,346,700 | United States dollar | 593 | 283,561 | 109,484 |
50 | Egypt | Cairo | 84,550,000 | Egyptian pound | +20 | 1,001,449 | 386,662 |
51 | El Salvador | San Salvador | 6,460,000 | United States dollar | +503 | 21,041 | 8,124 |
52 | Equatoria`l Guinea | Malabo | 504,000 | CFA Franc | +240 | 28,051 | 10,831 |
53 | Eritrea | Asmara | 5,880,000 | Nakfa | +291 | 117,600 | 45,406 |
54 | Estonia | Tallinn | 1,257,921 | Euro | +372 | 45,228 | 17,463 |
55 | Ethiopia | Addis Ababa | 85,237,338 | Birr | +251 | 1,104,300 | 426,373 |
56 | Federated States of Micronesia | Palikir | 135,869 | United States Dollar | +691 | 702 | 271 |
57 | Fiji | Suva | 890,057 | Fijian Dollar | +679 | 18,274 | 7,056 |
58 | Finland | Helsinki | 5,268,799 | Euro | +358 | 338,145 | 130,559 |
59 | France | Paris | 66,259,012 | Euro, CFP franc | +33 | 643,427 | 248,429 |
60 | Gabon | Libreville | 1,384,000 | CFA franc | +241 | 267,668 | 103,347 |
61 | Gambia | Banjul | 1,517,000 | Gambian dalasi | +220 | 10,380 | 4,008 |
62 | Georgia | Tbilisi / T'bilisi | 4,935,880 | Lari | +995 | 69,700 | 26,911 |
63 | Germany | Berlin | 80,996,685 | Euro | +49 | 357,022 | 137,847 |
64 | Ghana | Accra | 23,000,000 | Ghana cedi | +233 | 238,534 | 92,098 |
65 | Greece | Athens | 10,816,286 | Euro | +30 | 131,957 | 50,949 |
66 | Grenada | St. George's | 104,000 | East Caribbean dollar | +1 473 | 348.5 | 132.8 |
67 | Guatemala | Guatemala City | 16,176,000 | Guatemalan quetzal | +502 | 108,889 | 42,042 |
68 | Guinea | Conakry | 10,057,975 | CFA Franc | +240 | 245,857 | 94,926 |
69 | Guinea-Bissau | Bissau | 1,586,000 | CFA franc | +245 | 36,125 | 13,948 |
70 | Guyana | Georgetown | 747,884 | Guyanese dollar | +592 | 214,969 | 83,000 |
71 | Haiti | Port-au-Prince | 10,994,000 | Haitian gourde | +509 | 27,750 | 10,714 |
72 | Honduras | Tegucigalpa | 8,950,000 | Honduran lempira | +504 | 112,492 | 43,278 |
73 | Hungary | Budapest | 9,919,128 | Forint | +36 | 93,028 | 35,918 |
74 | Iceland | Reykjavík | 317,351 | Icelandic króna | +354 | 103,000 | 39,769 |
75 | India | New Delhi | 1,299,499,000 | Indian rupee | +91 | 3,287,590 | 1,269,346 |
76 | Indonesia | Jakarta | 255,462,000 | Rupiah | +62 | 1,904,569 | 735,358 |
77 | Iran | Tehran | 78,778,000 | Rial | +98 | 1,648,195 | 636,372 |
78 | Iraq | Baghdad | 36,575,000 | Iraqi dinar | +964 | 437,072 | 169,234 |
79 | Ireland | Dublin | 4,832,765 | Euro | +353 | 70,273 | 27,133 |
80 | Israel | Jerusalem (proclaimed) | 8,372,000 | New Shekel | +972 | 22,072 | 8,522 |
81 | Italy | Rome | 61,680,122 | Euro | +39 | 301,340 | 116,348 |
82 | Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) | Yamoussoukro | 17,654,843 | CFA franc | +225 | 322,460 | 124,503 |
83 | Jamaica | Kingston | 2,729,000 | Jamaican dollar | +1 876 | 10,991 | 4,244 |
84 | Japan | Tokyo | 126,891,000 | Yen | +81 | 377,944 | 145,925 |
85 | Jordan | Amman | 6,837,000 | Jordanian dinar | +962 | 89,342 | 35,637 |
86 | Kazakhstan | Astana | 17,948,816 | Tenge | +7-6xx, +7-7xx | 2,724,900 | 1,052,090 |
87 | Kenya | Nairobi | 34,707,817 | Kenyan shilling | +254 | 580,367 | 224,081 |
88 | Kiribati | Tarawa | 101,998 | Australian Dollar, Kiribati Dollar | +686 | 811 | 313 |
89 | Kuwait | Kuwait City | 4,161,000 | Kuwaiti dinar | +965 | 17,820 | 6,880 |
90 | Kyrgyzstan | Bishkek | 5,943,000 | Som | +996 | 199,951 | 77,181 |
91 | Laos | Vientiane | 6,802,000 | Kip | +856 | 236,800 | 91,428.99 |
92 | Latvia | Riga | 2,165,165 | Euro | +371 | 64,589 | 24,938 |
93 | Lebanon | Beirut | 4,288,000 | Lebanese pound | +961 | 10,452 | 4,036 |
94 | Lesotho | Maseru | 2,067,000 | Lesotho loti | +266 | 30,355 | 11,720 |
95 | Liberia | Monrovia | 4,128,572 | Liberian dollar | +231 | 111,369 | 43,000 |
96 | Libya | Tripoli | 6,036,914 | Dinar | +218 | 1,759,540 | 679,362 |
97 | Liechtenstein | Vaduz | 37,313 | Swiss franc | +423 | 160 | 62 |
98 | Lithuania | Vilnius | 2,943,472 | Euro | +370 | 65,300 | 25,212 |
99 | Luxembourg | Luxembourg City | 520,672 | Euro | +352 | 2,586 | 998 |
100 | Macedonia | Skopje | 2,091,719 | Macedonian denar | +389 | 25,713 | 9,928 |
101 | Madagascar | Antananarivo | 18,606,000 | Malagasy ariary | +261 | 587,041 | 226,658 |
102 | Malawi | Lilongwe | 12,884,000 | Kwacha | +265 | 118,484 | 45,747 |
103 | Malaysia | Kuala Lumpur | 31,032,000 | Ringgit | +60 | 329,847 | 127,355 |
104 | Maldives | Malé | 345,000 | Maldivian rufiyaa | +960 | 298 | 115 |
105 | Mali | Bamako | 13,518,000 | CFA franc | +223 | 1,240,192 | 478,841 |
106 | Malta | Valletta | 412,655 | Euro | +356 | 316 | 122 |
107 | Marshall Islands | Majuro | 73,630 | United States Dollar | +692 | 181 | 70 |
108 | Mauritania | Nouakchott | 3,069,000 | Ouguiya | +222 | 1,030,700 | 397,955 |
109 | Mauritius | Port Louis | 1,219,220 | Mauritian rupee | +230 | 2,040 | 788 |
110 | Mexico | Mexico City | 121,006,000 | Mexican Peso | +52 | 1,972,550 | 761,606 |
111 | Moldova | Chișinău | 3,583,288 | Moldovan leu | +373 | 33,851 | 13,070 |
112 | Monaco | Monaco | 30,508 | Euro | +377 | 2 | 0.8 |
113 | Mongolia | Ulaanbaatar | 3,029,000 | Tögrög | +976 | 1,566,000 | 603,909 |
114 | Montenegro | Podgorica | 650,036 | Euro | +382 | 13,812 | 5,333 |
115 | Morocco | Rabat | 35,757,175 | Moroccan dirham | +212 | 446,550 | 172,414 |
116 | Mozambique | Maputo | 20,366,795 | Mozambican metical | +258 | 801,590 | 309,496 |
117 | Myanmar (Burma) | Naypyidaw | 52,280,000 | Kyat | +95 | 676,578 | 261,227 |
118 | Namibia | Windhoek | 2,031,000 | Namibian dollar | +264 | 825,418 | 318,696 |
119 | Nauru | No official Capital | 12,329 | Australian dollar | +674 | 21 | 8 |
120 | Nepal | Kathmandu | 28,038,000 | Nepalese rupee | +977 | 147,181 | 56,827 |
121 | Netherlands | Amsterdam(capital) | 16,877,351 | Euro, US dollar, NA guilder, Aruban florin | +31 | 41,543 | 16,040 |
122 | New Zealand | Wellington | 4,570,038 | New Zealand Dollar | +64 | 267,710 | 103,363 |
123 | Nicaragua | Managua | 6,514,000 | Nicaraguan córdoba | +505 | 130,375 | 50,193 |
124 | Niger | Niamey | 13,957,000 | CFA franc | +227 | 1,267,000 | 489,191 |
125 | Nigeria | Abuja | 174,507,539 | Naira | +234 | 923,768 | 356,669 |
126 | North Korea | P'yŏngyang | 25,863,000 | North Korean won | +850 | 120,540 | 46,528 |
127 | Norway | Oslo | 5,147,792 | Norwegian krone | +47 | 323,802 | 125,021 |
128 | Oman | Muscat | 4,181,000 | Rial | +968 | 309,501 | 119,498 |
129 | Pakistan | Islamabad | 191,785,000 | Pakistani Rupee | +92 | 803,940 | 310,403 |
130 | Palau | Ngerulmud | 21,032 | United States Dollar | +680 | 459 | 177 |
131 | Palestine | Jerusalem (proclaimed), Ramallah | 4,225,710 | Israeli Shekel | +970 | 6,220 | 2,402 |
132 | Panama | Panama City | 3,764,000 | Panamanian balboa, United States dollar | +507 | 74,177.30 | 28,640 |
133 | Papua New Guinea | Port Moresby | 6,310,129 | Papua New Guinean kina | +675 | 462,840 | 178,704 |
134 | Paraguay | Asunción | 7,003,406 | Guaraní | +595 | 406,752 | 157,048 |
135 | Peru | Lima | 31,151,643 | Nuevo sol | +51 | 1,285,216 | 496,225 |
136 | Philippines | Manila | 102,965,000 | Philippine Peso | +63 | 300,000 | 115,831 |
137 | Poland | Warsaw | 38,346,279 | Polish złoty | +48 | 312,685 | 120,728 |
138 | Portugal | Lisbon | 10,427,301 | Euro | +351 | 92,090 | 35,556 |
139 | Qatar | Doha | 2,113,000 | Riyal | +974 | 11,586 | 4,467.60 |
140 | Republic of the Congo | Brazzaville | 4,012,809 | CFA franc | +242 | 342,000 | 132,047 |
141 | Romania | Bucharest | 21,729,871 | Romanian leu | +40 | 238,391 | 92,043 |
142 | Russia | Moscow | 146,267,288 | Russian ruble | +7 | 17,098,242 | 6,601,668 |
143 | Rwanda | Kigali | 7,600,000 | Rwandan franc | +250 | 26,798 | 10,347 |
144 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | Basseterre | 46,000 | East Caribbean dollar | +1 869 | 261 | 104 |
145 | Saint Lucia | Castries | 172,000 | East Caribbean dollar | +1 758 | 617 | 238.23 |
146 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Kingstown | 110,000 | East Caribbean dollar | +1 784 | 389 | 150 |
147 | Samoa | Apia | 194,320 | Samoan tālā | +685 | 2,831 | 1,093 |
148 | San Marino | San Marino | 32,742 | Euro | +378 | 61 | 24 |
149 | São Tomé and Príncipe | São Tomé | 183,176 | Dobra | +239 | 964 | 372 |
150 | Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | 31,521,000 | Saudi riyal | +966 | 2,149,690 | 830,000 |
151 | Senegal | Dakar | 11,658,000 | CFA franc | +221 | 196,723 | 75,955 |
152 | Serbia | Belgrade | 7,209,764 | Serbian dinar | +381 | 88,361 | 34,116 |
153 | Seychelles | Victoria | 80,654 | Seychellois rupee | +248 | 451 | 174 |
154 | Sierra Leone | Freetown | 6,144,562 | Leone | +232 | 71,740 | 27,699 |
155 | Singapore | Singapore City | 5,541,000 | Singapore dollar | +65 | 719.1 | 278 |
156 | Slovakia | Bratislava | 5,443,583 | Euro | +421 | 49,035 | 18,933 |
157 | Slovenia | Ljubljana | 1,988,292 | Euro | +386 | 20,273 | 7,827 |
158 | Solomon Islands | Honiara | 584,578 | Solomon Islands dollar | +677 | 28,896 | 11,157 |
159 | Somalia | Mogadishu | 9,832,017 | Somali shilling | +252 | 637,657 | 246,201 |
160 | South Africa | Bloemfontein(judicial) Cape Town(legislative) and Pretoria(executive) | 52,981,991 | South African rand | +27 | 1,221,037 | 471,445 |
161 | South Korea | Seoul | 50,617,000 | South Korean won | +82 | 100,210 | 38,691 |
162 | South Sudan | Juba | 8,260,490 | South Sudanese pound | +211 | 644,329 | 248,777 |
163 | Spain | Madrid | 47,737,941 | Euro | +34 | 505,370 | 195,124 |
164 | Sri Lanka | Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte | 20,869,000 | Sri Lankan rupee | +94 | 65,610 | 25,332 |
165 | Sudan | Khartoum | 36,787,012 | Sudanese pound | +249 | 1,861,484 | 718,723 |
166 | Suriname | Paramaribo | 541,638 | Surinamese dollar | +597 | 163,820 | 63,251 |
167 | Swaziland | Lobamba (royal and legislative) Mbabane(administrative) | 1,032,000 | Lilangeni | +268 | 17,364 | 6,704 |
168 | Sweden | Stockholm | 9,723,809 | Swedish krona | +46 | 450,295 | 173,860 |
169 | Switzerland | Bern / Berne | 8,061,516 | Swiss franc | +41 | 41,277 | 15,937 |
170 | Syria | Damascus | 23,270,000 | Syrian pound | +963 | 185,180 | 71,479 |
171 | Tajikistan | Dushanbe | 8,451,000 | Somoni | +992 | 143,100 | 55,251 |
172 | Tanzania | Dodoma | 44,929,002 | Tanzanian shilling | +255 | 945,203 | 364,945 |
173 | Thailand | Bangkok | 68,387,000 | Baht | +66 | 513,120 | 198,115 |
174 | Timor-Leste (East Timor) | Dili | 1,245,000 | US Dollar | +670 | 15,410 | 5,743 |
175 | Togo | Lomé | 7,154,237 | CFA franc | +228 | 56,785 | 21,925 |
176 | Tonga | Nukuʻalofa | 106,146 | Tongan paʻanga | +676 | 747 | 288 |
177 | Trinidad and Tobago | Port of Spain | 1,357,000 | Trinidad and Tobago dollar | +1 868 | 5,131 | 1,981 |
178 | Tunisia | Tunis | 10,102,000 | Tunisian dinar | +216 | 163,610 | 63,170 |
179 | Turkey | Ankara | 78,214,000 | Turkish lira | +90 | 783,562 | 302,535 |
180 | Turkmenistan | Ashgabat | 4,902,000 | Turkmen new manat | +993 | 491,210 | 188,456 |
181 | Tuvalu | Funafuti | 11,146 | Australian dollar, Tuvaluan dollar | +688 | 26 | 10 |
182 | Uganda | Kampala | 27,616,000 | Ugandan shilling | +256 | 236,040 | 91,136 |
183 | Ukraine | Kiev | 44,291,413 | Ukrainian hryvnia | +380 | 603,550 | 233,032 |
184 | United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | 8,933,000 | UAE dirham | +971 | 83,600 | 32,278 |
185 | United Kingdom | London | 63,742,977 | Pound sterling | +44 | 243,610 | 94,058 |
186 | United States | Washington, D.C. | 321,234,000 | United States dollar | +1 | 9,857,306 | 3,805,927 |
187 | Uruguay | Montevideo | 3,404,189 | Uruguayan peso | +598 | 176,215 | 68,037 |
188 | Uzbekistan | Tashkent | 31,283,000 | Uzbekistan som (O'zbekiston so'mi) | +998 | 448,978 | 172,742 |
189 | Vanuatu | Port Vila | 256,155 | Vanuatu vatu | +678 | 12,189 | 4,706 |
190 | Vatican City | Vatican City | 842 | Euro | +379 | 0.44 | 0.17 |
191 | Venezuela | Caracas | 30,620,404 | Bolívar fuerte | +58 | 912,050 | 352,144 |
192 | Vietnam | Hanoi | 91,812,000 | đồng | +84 | 332,698 | 128,565 |
193 | Yemen | Sana'a | 26,745,000 | Yemeni rial | +967 | 528,076 | 203,796 |
194 | Zambia | Lusaka | 14,668,000 | Zambian kwacha | +260 | 752,614 | 290,586 |
195 | Zimbabwe | Harare | 13,010,000 | US dollar | +263 | 390,757 | 150,872 |
Countries with Limited Recognition
S.N. | Non-United Nations Member Sovereign Countries | Status | Capital | Currency | Dialing Code | Population | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi)) |
1 | Abkhazia | Claimed as an autonomous republic of Georgia. Recognized or acclaimed by 4 UN countries. | Sukhumi / Sukhum | Abkhazian apsar, Russian ruble | +7 840, +7 940, +995 44 | 250,000 | 8,660 | 3,344 |
2 | Cook Islands | Self-governing in free association with New Zealand | Avarua | New Zealand dollar, Cook Islands dollar | +682 | 20,811 | 236 | 91 |
3 | Kosovo | Recognized or acclaimed by 108 UN member countries. | Pristina | Euro | +381 | 1,836,529 | 10,887 | 4,203 |
4 | Nagorno-Karabakh | Claimed as part ofAzerbaijan. De facto independent state, Recognized or acclaimed by 3 non-UN states. | Stepanakert | Armenian dram, Nagorno-Karabakh dram | +374 47 / 97 | 141,400 | 7,000 | 2,703 |
5 | Niue | Self-governing in free association with New Zealand | Alofi | New Zealand dollar | +683 | 2,134 | 260 | 100 |
6 | Northern Cyprus | Recognized by Turkey. Claimed as part of the Cyprus. | Nicosia | Turkish lira | +90 392 | 294,906 | 3,355 | 1,295 |
7 | Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | Claimed as the southernmost provinces of Morocco. Recognized by the African Union and 84 UN members as the representative government of Western Sahara. | El Aaiún(proclaimed) | Algerian dinar, Sahrawi peseta | +212 | 266,000 | 267,405 | 103,246 |
8 | Somaliland | State within the Federal regions of Somalia.Recognized by no UN member. | Hargeisa | Somaliland shilling | +252 | 4,000,000 | 137,600 | 53,128 |
9 | South Ossetia | Claimed as part of Georgia. Recognized or acclaimed by 4 UN countries. | Tskhinvali | Russian ruble | +995 34 | 70,000 | 3,900 | 1,506 |
10 | Taiwan | Claimed as a province of China | Taipei | New Taiwan dollar | +886 | 23,071,779 | 35,980 | 13,892 |
11 | Transnistria | Claimed as a administrative division of Moldova. De facto independent state, Recognized or acclaimed by three non-UN countries. | Tiraspol | Transnistrian ruble | +373 | 530,000 | 3,500 | 1,351 |
Non-Sovereign Territories
Non-Sovereign Dependent Territories in the World
S.N. | Dependent Territories | Status | Capital | Currency | Dialing Code | Population | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi)) |
1 | Akrotiri and Dhekelia | British overseas territory | Episkopi Cantonment | Euro | +357 | 7,700 Cypriots, 8,000 British military personnel and their families | 254 | 98 |
2 | American Samoa | Insular area of the United States | Pago Pago | United States dollar | +1 684 | 57,345 | 199 | 76.8 |
3 | Anguilla | British Overseas Territory | The Valley | East Caribbean dollar | +1 264 | 13,037 | 91 | 35 |
4 | Ashmore and Cartier Islands | Territory of Australia | Uninhabited | Local currency (ABC) | | Uninhabited | 5 | 2 |
5 | Bajo Nuevo Bank | Unincorporated Unorganized Territory of the United States of America, uninhabited, disputed by 3 other nations. | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0 | 145 | 56 |
6 | Baker Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | | Uninhabited | 2.1 | 0.81 |
7 | Bermuda | British Overseas Territory | Hamilton | Bermudian dollar | +1 441 | 64,237 | 53.2 | 20.6 |
8 | British Indian Ocean Territory | British overseas territory | | United States Dollar, Pound sterling | +246 | 3,000 | 54,400 | 21,004 |
9 | British Virgin Islands | British Overseas Territory | Road Town | United States dollar | +1 284 | 28,054 | 153 | 59 |
10 | Cayman Islands | British Overseas Territory | George Town | Cayman Islands dollar | +1 345 | 58,238 | 264 | 102 |
11 | Christmas Island | Territory of Australia | Flying Fish Cove | Australian dollar | +61 8 9164 | 2,072 | 135 | 52 |
12 | Clipperton Island | French state private property | Uninhabited | Euro | | Uninhabited | 6 | 2.3 |
13 | Cocos (Keeling) Islands | Territory of Australia | West Island / Bantam | Australian dollar | +61 | 596 | 14 | 5 |
14 | Coral Sea Islands | Territory of Australia | Uninhabited | | | 4 | 3 | 1 |
15 | Easter Island | Special territory of Chile | Hanga Roa | Chilean Peso | +56 | 5,761 | 163.6 | 63.2 |
16 | Falkland Islands | British overseas territory | Stanley | Falkland Islands pound | +500 | 3,140 | 12,173 | 4,700 |
17 | Faroe Islands / Faeroe Islands | Constituent country of Denmark | Tórshavn | Faroese króna, Danish krone | +298 | 49,947 | 1,393 | 538 |
18 | French Polynesia | Overseas country of France | Papeete | CFP Franc | +689 | 294,935 | 4,167 | 1,609 |
19 | French Southern and Antarctic Lands | French overseas territory | Saint-Pierre | Euro | +33, +262 | 140 estimate | 38.6 | 15 |
20 | Gibraltar | British overseas territory | Gibraltar | Gibraltar pound | +350 | 29,185 | 6.5 | 2.5 |
21 | Guam | Insular area of the United States | Hagåtña / Agaña | United States Dollar | +1-671 | 161,785 | 541.3 | 209 |
22 | Guernsey | Crown Dependency of the Crown in Right of the UK. | Saint Peter Port | Pound sterling | +44 | 65,849 | 78 | 30 |
23 | Hawaii | State of the United States | Honolulu | United States dollar | +1 808, +1 650, +1 209 | 1,419,561 | 28,311 | 10,931 |
24 | Hong Kong | Special Administrative Region of China | Hong Kong | Hong Kong dollar | +852 | 7,298,600 | 1,104 | 426 |
25 | Howland Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | | Uninhabited | 1.62 | 1.05 |
26 | Isle of Man | Crown Dependency of The Crown in Right of the UK. | Douglas | Pound sterling | +44 | 86,866 | 572 | 221 |
27 | Jarvis Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | | Uninhabited | 4.5 | 1.75 |
28 | Jersey | Crown Dependency of The Crown in Right of the UK. | Saint Helier | Pound sterling | +44 | 96,513 | 118 | 46 |
29 | Johnston Atoll | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | | Uninhabited | 2.67 | 1.03 |
30 | Juan Fernández Islands | Special territory of Chile | San Juan Bautista | Chilean Peso | +56 | 900 | 99.6 | 38.5 |
31 | Kingman Reef | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | | Uninhabited | 76 | 29 |
32 | Macau / Macao | Special Administrative Region of China | Macau / Macao | Macanese pataca | +853 | 642,900 | 28.2 | 10.9 |
33 | Midway Islands | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | +1 808 | 60 | 6.2 | 2.4 |
34 | Montserrat | British Overseas Territory | Plymouth | East Caribbean dollar | +1 664 | 4,922 | 102 | 39 |
35 | Navassa Island | Unincorporated Unorganized Territory of the United States, uninhabited, disputed by Haiti | N/A | United States dollar | N/A | Uninhabited | 5.4 | 2 |
36 | New Caledonia | Sui generiscollectivity of France | Nouméa | CFP Franc | +687 | 268,767 | 18,576 | 7,172 |
37 | Norfolk Island | Self-governing integralTerritory of Australia | Kingston | Australian Dollar | +672 3 | 2,210 | 34.6 | 13.3 |
38 | Northern Mariana Islands | Insular area of the United States | Saipan | United States Dollar | +1 670 | 53,855 | 475.3 | 183.5 |
39 | Ogasawara Village | Part of Ogasawara Village inTokyo, Japan | Ōmura (大村) | Yen | +81 3 | 2,871 | 104.41 | 40.31 |
40 | Palmyra Atoll | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | +1 | 4 - 20 | 12 | 4.6 |
41 | Papua | Province of Indonesia | Jayapura | Indonesian Rupiah | +62 9 | 3,486,432 | 319,036.05 | 123,180.51 |
42 | Pitcairn Islands | British overseas territory | Adamstown | New Zealand dollar | +64 | 56 | 47 | 18.1 |
43 | Puerto Rico | Unincorporated territory(U.S. Commonwealth) | San Juan | United States dollar | +1 787 / 939 | 3,548,397 | 9,104 | 3,515 |
44 | Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | British overseas territory | Jamestown | Saint Helena pound, Pound sterling | +290 | 5,661 | 420 | 162 |
45 | Serranilla Bank | Unincorporated Unorganized Territory of the United States, uninhabited, disputed by Honduras, Nicaragua and United States. | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1,200 | 463.32 |
46 | South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | British overseas territory | King Edward Point | Pound sterling | +500 | no indigenous inhabitants | 3,903 | 1,507 |
47 | Tokelau | Dependent territory of New Zealand | Each Atoll has its own administrative centre | New Zealand dollar | +690 | 1,431 | 10 | 3.86 |
48 | Turks and Caicos Islands | British Overseas Territory | Cockburn Town | United States dollar | +1 649 | 31,618 | 616.3 | 238 |
49 | United States Virgin Islands | Unincorporated organized Territory of the United States | Charlotte Amalie | United States dollar | +1 340 | 106,405 | 346.36 | 133.73 |
50 | Wake Island | United States Minor Outlying Island | Uninhabited | United States dollar | +1 808 | 150 | 7.1 | 2.73 |
51 | Wallis and Futuna | Overseas collectivity of France | Mata-Utu | CFP Franc | +681 | 15,585 | 142.42 | 55 |
52 | West Papua | Province of Indonesia | Manokwari | Papuan, Dutch Guilder, Indonesian Rupiah | +62 9 | 877,437 | 140,375.62 | 54,199.33 |
Other Areas in the World
S.N. | Other Areas | Status | Capital | Currency | Dialing Code | Population | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi)) |
1 | Åland | Self-governing or autonomous area of Finland, significant autonomy as the result of crisis in Åland. | Mariehamn | Euro | +358 | 27,500 | 6,787 | 2,620 |
2 | Aruba | Constituent Country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands | Oranjestad | Aruban florin | +297 | 110,000 | 178.91 | 69.08 |
3 | Bonaire | Special municipality of the Netherlands | Kralendijk | United States dollar | +599 7 | | 294 | 114 |
4 | Canary Islands | Spanish autonomous community | Santa Cruz and Las Palmas | Euro | +34 | 2,205,247 | 7,447 | 2,875 |
5 | Ceuta | Spanish autonomous city | Ceuta | Euro | +34 952 | 76,861 | 28 | 11 |
6 | Curaçao | Constituent Country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands | Willemstad | Netherlands Antillean guilder | +599 9 | 157,000 | 444 | 171.4 |
7 | French Guiana | French overseas region | Cayenne | Euro | +594 | 250,109 | 83,534 | 32,253 |
8 | Greenland | Constituent Country of the Kingdom of Denmark | Nuuk | Danish krone | +299 | 56,000 | 2,166,086 | 836,109 |
9 | Guadeloupe | Department and region of France | Basse-Terre | Euro | +590 | 405,000 | 1,628 | 629 |
10 | Madeira | Portuguese autonomous region | Funchal | Euro | (+351) 291 XXX XXX | 267,785 | 828 | 320 |
11 | Martinique | Department and region of France | Fort-de-France | Euro | +596 | 383,000 | 1,128 | 436 |
12 | Mayotte | French overseas department | Mamoudzou | Euro | +262 | 186,452 | 374 | 144 |
13 | Melilla | Spanish autonomous city | Melilla | Euro | +34 952 | 72,000 | 20 | 8 |
14 | Northern Ireland | Part of the UK, devolved government decided by the Good Friday Agreement. | Belfast | Pound Sterling | +44 | 1,810,863 | 14,130 | 5,456 |
15 | Pelagie Islands | Italian territory | Lampedusa e Linosa | Euro | +39 | 6,304 | 21.4 | 8 |
16 | Plazas de soberanía | Spanish overseas territory | N/A | Euro | +34 | 74 | | |
17 | Réunion | French overseas region | Saint-Denis | Euro | +262 | 793,000 | 2,512 | 970 |
18 | Saba | Special municipality of the Netherlands | The Bottom | United States dollar | +599 4 | | 13 | 5 |
19 | Saint Barthélemy | French Overseas Collectivity | Gustavia | Euro | +590 | 10,000 | 25 | 9.5 |
20 | Saint Martin | French Overseas Collectivity | Marigot | Euro | +590 | 36,000 | 87 | 34 |
21 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | French Overseas Collectivity | Saint-Pierre | Euro | +508 | 6,000 | 242 | 93 |
22 | San Andrés and Providencia | Department of Colombia | San Andrés | Colombian peso | +57 | | 52.5 | 20.3 |
23 | Sint Eustatius | Special municipality of the Netherlands | Oranjestad | United States dollar | +599 3 | | 21 | 8 |
24 | Sint Maarten | Constituent Country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands | Philipsburg | Netherlands Antillean guilder | +1 721 | 39,000 | 34 | 13.1 |
25 | Svalbard | Special territory of Norway, decided by the Svalbard Treaty. | Longyearbyen | Norwegian krone | +47 | 2,019 | 62,045 | 23,956 |
Territorial Claims in Antarctica
Official Claims of Territories in Antarctica
S.N. | Territory in Antarctica | Status | Claimant | Date | Capital | Currency | Dialing Code | Population | Claim limits | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi)) |
1 | Adélie Land | District of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands | France | 1924 | Dumont d'Urville Stationa | Euro | +262 262 00 2 | 33 (winter), 80 (summer) | 142°2'E to 136°11'E | 432,000 | 166,796 |
2 | Argentine Antarctica | Department of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands Province | Argentina | 1942 | Handled by the province of Tierra del Fuego, whose capital is Ushuaia. | | 0054 + 02901 Esperanza and Marambio Stations: 0054 + 02964 | 469 (2010 Census) | 25°W to 74°W | 1,461,597 | 564,326 |
3 | Australian Antarctic Territory | External dependent territory of Australia | Australia | 1933 | Davis Station | Australian Dollar | +672 1x | less than 1,000 | 160°E to 142°2'E, 136°11'E to 44°38'E | 5,896,500 | 2,276,651 |
4 | British Antarctic Territory | Overseas territory of the United Kingdom | United Kingdom | 1908 | Halley Base | Pound sterling | | 250 (summer) | 20°W to 80°W | 1,709,400 | 660,000 |
5 | Chilean Antarctic Territory | Commune of Antártica Chilena | Chile | 1940 | Villa Las Estrellas | Chilean Peso | 56 + 61 | 115 (2012 Census) | 53°W to 90°W | 1,250,257 | 482,727 |
6 | Peter I Island | Dependency of Norway | Norway | 1929 | | Norwegian krone | | uninhabited | 68°50'S 90°35'W | 154 | 59 |
7 | Queen Maud Land | Dependency of Norway | Norway | 1939 | Oslo | Norwegian krone | | maximum average of 40, Six are occupied year-round | 44°38'E to 20°W | 2,700,000 | 1,042,476 |
8 | Ross Dependency | Dependency of New Zealand | New Zealand | 1923 | Scott Base | New Zealand Dollar | +64 2409 | 10-80 (Scott Base) 200-1,000 (McMurdo Station) 85-200 (South Pole Station) 0-90 (Zucchelli Station) | 150°W to 160°E | 450,000 | 174,000 |
Overlapping Claims in Antarctica
S.N. | Claimants | Claim Limits |
1 | Argentina, United Kingdom | 25°W to 53°W |
2 | Argentina, Chile, United Kingdom | 53°W to 74°W |
3 | Chile, United Kingdom | 74°W to 80°W |
Unclaimed Territory in Antarctica
S.N. | Region | Unclaimed limits | Currency | Population | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi)) |
1 | Marie Byrd Land | 90°W to 150°W | Penguino | 20 to 30 People | 1,610,000 | 620,000 |
Oceans of the World
S.N. | Ocean | Area (km2) | Area (% of Total) | Volume (km3) | Volume (% of Total) | Avg. depth (m) | Coastline (km) | Coastline (% of Total) |
1 | Pacific Ocean | 168,723,000 | 46.60% | 669,880,000 | 50.10% | 3,970 | 135,663 | 35.90% |
2 | Atlantic Ocean | 85,133,000 | 23.50% | 310,410,900 | 23.30% | 3,646 | 111,866 | 29.60% |
3 | Indian Ocean | 70,560,000 | 19.50% | 264,000,000 | 19.80% | 3,741 | 66,526 | 17.60% |
4 | Antarctic / Southern Ocean | 21,960,000 | 6.10% | 71,800,000 | 5.40% | 3,270 | 17,968 | 4.80% |
5 | Arctic Ocean | 15,558,000 | 4.30% | 18,750,000 | 1.40% | 1,205 | 45,389 | 12.00% |
Total | - | 361,900,000 | 100% | 1335000000 | 100% | 3,688 | 377,412 | 100% |
The oceans cover approximately 71% of the Earth's surface, making them the largest bodies of water on the planet. They are also home to a wide variety of plant and animal species, making them a vital part of the planet's ecosystem. In this article, we will take a closer look at the world's oceans, their geography, biodiversity, and significance.
The Five Oceans of the World
There are five recognized oceans in the world, listed in order of size:
Pacific Ocean: The largest of the five oceans, the Pacific covers an area of approximately 63.8 million square miles. It stretches from the western coast of North and South America to the eastern coast of Asia and Australia.
Atlantic Ocean: The second-largest ocean, the Atlantic covers an area of approximately 41.1 million square miles. It stretches from the western coast of Europe and Africa to the eastern coast of North and South America.
Indian Ocean: The third-largest ocean, the Indian covers an area of approximately 28.4 million square miles. It stretches from the eastern coast of Africa to the western coast of Australia and the Indian subcontinent.
Southern Ocean: The fourth-largest ocean, the Southern covers an area of approximately 7.8 million square miles. It encircles Antarctica and is sometimes also referred to as the Antarctic Ocean.
Arctic Ocean: The smallest of the five oceans, the Arctic covers an area of approximately 5.4 million square miles. It surrounds the North Pole and is mostly covered by ice.
Geography of the Oceans
The oceans are divided into several major basins, each with its own unique features:
Pacific Basin: The Pacific Basin is the largest ocean basin and includes the Pacific Ocean and its surrounding areas. It is home to the deepest point in the ocean, the Challenger Deep, which is located in the Mariana Trench.
Atlantic Basin: The Atlantic Basin includes the Atlantic Ocean and its surrounding areas. It is home to the longest mountain range in the world, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
Indian Basin: The Indian Basin includes the Indian Ocean and its surrounding areas. It is known for its warm waters and diverse marine life.
Southern Basin: The Southern Basin includes the Southern Ocean and its surrounding areas. It is home to some of the coldest and roughest waters in the world.
Arctic Basin: The Arctic Basin includes the Arctic Ocean and its surrounding areas. It is mostly covered by ice and is home to unique animal species such as polar bears and walruses.
Biodiversity in the Oceans
The oceans are home to a vast array of plant and animal species, many of which are still undiscovered. Some of the most well-known marine animals include:
Whales: Whales are some of the largest animals in the world and are found in all of the world's oceans. There are several different species of whales, including humpback whales, blue whales, and killer whales.
Dolphins: Dolphins are highly intelligent and social animals that are found in all of the world's oceans. They are known for their playful behavior and acrobatic skills.
Sharks: Sharks are some of the most feared creatures in the ocean, but they are also some of the most important. They play a crucial role in the ocean's food chain and help to maintain a healthy balance of species.
Sea Turtles: Sea turtles are found in all of the world's oceans and are known for their distinctive shells and long lifespans. They play a critical role in the ocean's ecosystem by helping to maintain healthy seagrass beds and coral reefs.
Corals: Corals are small, stationary animals that form the basis of many of the ocean's most
List of World's Longest Rivers
Rank | River | Length in km | Length in Miles | Drainage Area in km2 | Average Discharge in m3/s | Outflow |
1 | Nile | 6,650 | 4,130 | 3,254,555 | 2,800 | Mediterranean |
2 | Amazon | 6,400 | 3,976 | 7,000,000 | 209,000 | Atlantic Ocean |
3 | Yangtze | 6,300 | 3,917 | 1,800,000 | 30,166 | East China Sea |
4 | Mississippi | 6,275 | 3,902 | 2,980,000 | 16,792 | Gulf of Mexico |
5 | Yenisei | 5,539 | 3,445 | 2,580,000 | 18,050 | Kara Sea |
6 | Yellow River | 5,464 | 3,395 | 745,000 | 2,571 | Bohai Sea |
7 | Ob-Irtysh | 5,410 | 3,364 | 2,990,000 | 12,475 | Gulf of Ob |
8 | Paraná | 4,880 | 3,030 | 2,582,672 | 22,000 | Río de la Plata |
9 | Congo | 4,700 | 2,922 | 3,680,000 | 41,800 | Atlantic Ocean |
10 | Amur | 4,444 | 2,763 | 1,855,000 | 11,400 | Sea of Okhotsk |
11 | Lena | 4,400 | 2,736 | 2,490,000 | 15,500 | Laptev Sea |
12 | Mekong | 4,350 | 2,705 | 810,000 | 16,000 | South China Sea |
13 | Mackenzie | 4,241 | 2,637 | 1,790,000 | 10,300 | Beaufort Sea |
14 | Niger | 4,200 | 2,611 | 2,090,000 | 5,589 | Gulf of Guinea |
15 | Brahmaputra | 3,969 | 2,466 | 712,035 | 19,800 | Ganges |
16 | Murray | 3,672 | 2,282 | 1,061,000 | 767 | Southern Ocean |
17 | Tocantins | 3,650 | 2,270 | 950,000 | 13,598 | Atlantic Ocean (Marajó Bay), Amazon Delta |
18 | Volga | 3,645 | 2,266 | 1,380,000 | 8,080 | Caspian Sea |
19 | Indus | 3,610 | 2,250 | 960,000 | 7,160 | Arabian Sea |
20 | Shatt al-Arab | 3,596 | 2,236 | 884,000 | 856 | Persian Gulf |
21 | Madeira | 3,380 | 2,100 | 1,485,200 | 31,200 | Amazon |
22 | Purús | 3,211 | 1,995 | 63,166 | 8,400 | Amazon |
23 | Yukon | 3,185 | 1,980 | 850,000 | 6,210 | Bering Sea |
24 | São Francisco | 3,180 | 1,976 | 610,000 | 3,300 | Atlantic Ocean |
25 | Syr Darya | 3,078 | 1,913 | 219,000 | 703 | Aral Sea |
26 | Salween | 3,060 | 1,901 | 324,000 | 3,153 | Andaman Sea |
27 | Saint Lawrence | 3,058 | 1,900 | 1,030,000 | 10,100 | Gulf of Saint Lawrence |
28 | Rio Grande | 3,057 | 1,900 | 570,000 | 82 | Gulf of Mexico |
29 | Lower Tunguska | 2,989 | 1,857 | 473,000 | 3,600 | Yenisei |
30 | Danube-Breg | 2,888 | 1,795 | 817,000 | 7,130 | Black Sea |
31 | Irrawaddy River | 2,809 | 1,745.80 | 404,200 | 13,000 | Andaman Sea |
32 | Zambezi | 2,740 | 1,703 | 1,330,000 | 4,880 | Mozambique Channel |
33 | Vilyuy | 2,720 | 1,700 | 454,000 | 1,480 | Lena |
34 | Ganges | 2,704 | 1,690 | 1,024,000 | 12,037 | Bay of Bengal |
35 | Amu | 2,620 | 1,628 | 534,739 | 1,400 | Aral Sea |
36 | Japurá | 2,615 | 1,625 | 242,259 | 6,000 | Amazon |
37 | Nelson | 2,570 | 1,597 | 1,093,000 | 2,575 | Hudson Bay |
38 | Paraguay | 2,549 | 1,584 | 900,000 | 4,300 | Paraná |
39 | Kolyma | 2,513 | 1,562 | 644,000 | 3,800 | East Siberian Sea |
40 | Pilcomayo | 2,500 | 1,553 | 270,000 | | Paraguay |
41 | Upper Ob-Katun | 2,490 | 1,547 | | | Ob |
42 | Ishim | 2,450 | 1,522 | 177,000 | 56 | Irtysh |
43 | Ural | 2,428 | 1,509 | 237,000 | 475 | Caspian Sea |
44 | Juruá | 2,410 | 1,498 | 200,000 | 6,000 | Amazon |
45 | Arkansas | 2,348 | 1,459 | 505,000 | 1,066 | Mississippi |
46 | Colorado | 2,333 | 1,450 | 390,000 | 1,200 | Gulf of California |
47 | Olenyok | 2,292 | 1,424 | 219,000 | 1,210 | Laptev Sea |
48 | Dnieper | 2,287 | 1,421 | 516,300 | 1,670 | Black Sea |
49 | Aldan | 2,273 | 1,412 | 729,000 | 5,060 | Lena |
50 | Ubangi-Uele | 2,270 | 1,410 | 772,800 | 4,000 | Congo |
51 | Negro | 2,250 | 1,398 | 720,114 | 26,700 | Amazon |
52 | Columbia | 2,250 | 1,398 | 415,211 | 7,500 | Pacific Ocean |
53 | Pearl | 2,200 | 1,376 | 437,000 | 13,600 | South China Sea |
54 | Red | 2,188 | 1,360 | 78,592 | 875 | Mississippi |
55 | Kasai | 2,153 | 1,338 | 880,200 | 10,000 | Congo |
56 | Ohio | 2,102 | 1,306 | 490,603 | 7,957 | Mississippi |
57 | Orinoco | 2,101 | 1,306 | 1,380,000 | 33,000 | Atlantic Ocean |
58 | Tarim | 2,100 | 1,305 | 557,000 | | Lop Nur |
59 | Xingu | 2,100 | 1,305 | | | Amazon |
60 | Orange | 2,092 | 1,300 | | | Atlantic Ocean |
61 | Brazos-Double | 2,060 | 1,280 | | | Gulf of Mexico |
62 | Northern Salado | 2,010 | 1,249 | | | Paraná |
63 | Vitim | 1,978 | 1,229 | | | Lena |
64 | Tigris | 1,950 | 1,212 | | | Shatt al-Arab |
65 | Songhua | 1,927 | 1,197 | | | Amur |
66 | Tapajós | 1,900 | 1,181 | | | Amazon |
67 | Don | 1,870 | 1,162 | 425,600 | 935 | Sea of Azov |
68 | Stony Tunguska | 1,865 | 1,159 | 240,000 | | Yenisey |
69 | Pechora | 1,809 | 1,124 | 322,000 | 4,100 | Barents Sea |
70 | Kama | 1,805 | 1,122 | 507,000 | 4,100 | Volga |
71 | Limpopo | 1,800 | 1,118 | 413,000 | | Indian Ocean |
72 | Chulym | 1,799 | 1,118 | 134,000 | | Ob |
73 | Guaporé | 1,749 | 1,087 | | | Mamoré |
74 | Indigirka | 1,726 | 1,072 | 360,400 | 1,810 | East Siberian Sea |
75 | Snake | 1,670 | 1,038 | 279,719 | 1,611 | Columbia |
76 | Senegal | 1,641 | 1,020 | 419,659 | | Atlantic Ocean |
77 | Uruguay | 1,610 | 1,000 | 370,000 | | Atlantic Ocean |
78 | Blue Nile | 1,600 | 994 | 326,400 | | Nile |
78 | Churchill | 1,600 | 994 | | | Hudson Bay |
78 | Khatanga-Kotuy | 1,600 | 994 | | | Laptev Sea |
78 | Okavango | 1,600 | 994 | | | Okavango Delta |
78 | Volta | 1,600 | 994 | | | Gulf of Guinea |
83 | Beni | 1,599 | 994 | 283,350 | 8,900 | Madeira |
84 | Platte | 1,594 | 990 | | | Missouri |
85 | Tobol | 1,591 | 989 | | | Irtysh |
86 | Alazeya | 1,590 | 988 | 64,700 | | East Siberian Sea |
87 | Jubba-Shebelle | 1,580 | 982 | | | Indian Ocean |
88 | Içá | 1,575 | 979 | | | Amazon |
89 | Magdalena | 1,550 | 963 | 263,858 | 9,000 | Caribbean |
90 | Han | 1,532 | 952 | | | Yangtze |
91 | Kura/Mt'k'vari | 1,515 | 941 | 188,400 | 575 | Caspian Sea |
92 | Oka | 1,500 | 932 | 245,000 | 1,258 | Volga |
93 | Upper Murray | 1,500 | 932 | | | Lower Murray |
94 | Guaviare | 1,497 | 930 | | | Orinoco |
95 | Pecos | 1,490 | 926 | | | Rio Grande |
96 | Murrumbidgee River | 1,485 | 923 | 84,917 | 120 | Murray River |
97 | Upper Yenisey | 1,480 | 920 | | | Yenisey |
98 | Godavari | 1,465 | 910 | 312,812 | 3,061 | Bay of Bengal |
99 | Colorado | 1,438 | 894 | | | Gulf of Mexico |
100 | Upper Tocantins | 1,427 | 887 | | | Tocantins |
101 | Belaya | 1,420 | 882 | 142,000 | 858 | Kama |
101 | Cooper-Barcoo | 1,420 | 880 | | | Lake Eyre |
103 | Marañón | 1,415 | 879 | | | Amazon |
104 | Dniester | 1,411 | 877 | 72,100 | 310 | Black Sea |
105 | Benue | 1,400 | 870 | | | Niger |
105 | Ili (Yili) | 1,400 | 870 | | | Lake Balkhash |
105 | Warburton-Georgina | 1,400 | 870 | 365,000 | | Lake Eyre |
108 | Sutlej | 1,372 | 852 | | | Chenab |
109 | Yamuna | 1,370 | 851 | 366,223 | 2,950 | Ganges |
109 | Vyatka | 1,370 | 851 | 129,000 | 890 | Kama |
111 | Fraser | 1,368 | 850 | 220,000 | 3,475 | Pacific Ocean |
112 | Grande | 1,360 | 845 | | | Paraná |
113 | Liao-Xiliao-Laoha | 1,345 | 836 | | | Bohai Sea |
114 | Lachlan River | 1,339 | 832 | 84,700 | 49 | Murrumbidgee River |
115 | Narmada | 1,333 | 815 | 98,796 | 1,447 | Arabian Sea |
116 | Yalong | 1,323 | 822 | | | Yangtze |
117 | Iguaçu | 1,320 | 820 | | | Paraná |
117 | Olyokma | 1,320 | 820 | | | Lena |
119 | Northern Dvina-Sukhona | 1,302 | 809 | 357,052 | 3,332 | White Sea |
120 | Krishna | 1,300 | 808 | | | Bay of Bengal |
120 | Iriri | 1,300 | 808 | | | Xingu |
122 | Lomami | 1,280 | 795 | | | Congo |
123 | Ottawa | 1,271 | 790 | 146,300 | 1,950 | Saint Lawrence |
124 | Rio Grande de Santiago-Lerma | 1,270 | 789 | 119,543 | | Pacific Ocean |
125 | Elbe-Vltava | 1,252 | 778 | 148,268 | 711 | North Sea |
126 | Zeya | 1,242 | 772 | | | Amur |
127 | Juruena | 1,240 | 771 | | | Tapajós |
128 | Upper Mississippi | 1,236 | 768 | | | Mississippi |
129 | Rhine | 1,233 | 768 | 185,000 | 2,330 | North Sea |
130 | Athabasca | 1,231 | 765 | 95,300 | | Mackenzie |
131 | Canadian | 1,223 | 760 | | | Arkansas |
132 | North Saskatchewan | 1,220 | 758 | | | Saskatchewan |
133 | Vistula-Narew-Bug | 1,213 | 754 | 194,424 | 1,080 | Baltic Sea |
134 | Vaal | 1,210 | 752 | | | Orange |
135 | Shire | 1,200 | 746 | | | Zambezi |
135 | Ogooué (or Ogowe) | 1,200 | 746 | 223,856 | 4,706 | Atlantic Ocean |
137 | Nen | 1,190 | 739 | | | Songhua |
138 | Kızıl River | 1,182 | 734 | 115,000 | 400 | Black Sea |
139 | Markha | 1,181 | 734 | 99,000 | 405 | Vilyuy |
140 | Green | 1,175 | 730 | | | Colorado (western U.S.) |
141 | Milk | 1,173 | 729 | | | Missouri |
142 | Mun - Chi | 1,162 | 722 | | | Mekong River |
142 | White | 1,162 | 722 | | | Mississippi |
144 | Chindwin | 1,158 | 720 | | | Ayeyarwady |
145 | Sankuru | 1,150 | 715 | | | Kasai |
145 | Wu | 1,150 | 715 | 80,300 | 1,108 | Yangtze |
147 | Red (Asia) | 1,149 | 714 | 143,700 | 2,640 | Gulf of Tonkin |
148 | James (Dakotas) | 1,143 | 710 | | | Missouri |
148 | Kapuas | 1,143 | 710 | | | Natuna Sea |
150 | Desna | 1,130 | 702 | 88,900 | 360 | Dnieper |
150 | Helmand | 1,130 | 702 | | | Hamun-i-Helmand |
150 | Madre de Dios | 1,130 | 702 | 125,000 | 4,915 | Beni |
150 | Tietê | 1,130 | 702 | | | Paraná |
150 | Vychegda | 1,130 | 702 | 121,000 | 1160 | Northern Dvina |
155 | Sepik | 1,126 | 700 | 77,700 | | Pacific Ocean |
156 | Cimarron | 1,123 | 698 | | | Arkansas |
157 | Anadyr | 1,120 | 696 | | | Gulf of Anadyr |
157 | Paraíba do Sul | 1,120 | 696 | | | Atlantic Ocean |
159 | Jialing River | 1,119 | 695 | | | Yangtze |
160 | Liard | 1,115 | 693 | | | Mackenzie |
161 | Cumberland | 1,105 | 687 | 46,830 | 862 | Mississippi |
162 | Huallaga | 1,100 | 684 | | | Marañón |
162 | Kwango | 1,100 | 684 | 263,500 | 2,700 | Kasai |
162 | Draa | 1,100 | 684 | | | Atlantic Ocean |
165 | Gambia | 1,094 | 680 | | | Atlantic Ocean |
166 | Tyung | 1,092 | 679 | 49,800 | | Vilyuy |
167 | Chenab | 1,086 | 675 | | | Indus |
168 | Yellowstone | 1,080 | 671 | 114,260 | | Missouri |
168 | Ghaghara | 1,080 | 671 | 127,950 | 2,990 | Ganges |
170 | Huai River | 1,078 | 670 | 270,000 | 1,110 | Yangtze |
171 | Aras | 1,072 | 665 | 102,000 | 285 | Kura |
172 | Chu | 1,067 | 663 | 62,500 | | none |
173 | Seversky Donets | 1,053 | 654 | 98,900 | 159 | Don |
174 | Bermejo | 1,050 | 652 | | | Paraguay |
174 | Fly | 1,050 | 652 | | | Gulf of Papua |
174 | Kuskokwim | 1,050 | 652 | | | Bering Sea |
177 | Tennessee | 1,049 | 652 | | | Ohio |
178 | Oder-Warta | 1,045 | 649 | 118,861 | 550 | Baltic Sea |
179 | Aruwimi | 1,030 | 640 | | | Congo |
180 | Chambal | 1,024 | 636 | | | Yamuna |
181 | Daugava | 1,020 | 634 | 87,900 | 678 | Gulf of Riga |
182 | Gila | 1,015 | 631 | | | Colorado (western U.S.) |
183 | Loire | 1,012 | 629 | 115,271 | 840 | Atlantic Ocean |
184 | Essequibo | 1,010 | 628 | | | Atlantic Ocean |
184 | Khopyor | 1,010 | 628 | 61,100 | 150 | Don |
186 | Tagus (Tajo/Tejo) | 1,006 | 625 | 80,100 | 444 | Atlantic Ocean |
187 | Flinders River | 1,004 | 624 | 109,000 | 122 | Gulf of Carpentaria |
Nile River
The Nile River is the longest river in the world, stretching for 6,650 kilometers (4,135 miles) from its source in Burundi to its mouth in Egypt. The river flows through eleven countries in Africa, including Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt. The Nile has played a significant role in the development of civilization in Egypt, and is a vital source of water for the countries it flows through.
Amazon River
The Amazon River is the second-longest river in the world, with a length of 6,400 kilometers (4,000 miles). It flows through South America, passing through Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador. The Amazon Basin is the largest rainforest in the world and is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including thousands of species of plants, birds, and mammals.
Yangtze River
The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world, with a length of 6,300 kilometers (3,917 miles). The river flows through China, from its source in the Tibetan Plateau to its mouth at the East China Sea. The Yangtze is an important transportation route, and its basin is home to over 400 million people.
Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the fourth-longest river in the world, with a length of 6,275 kilometers (3,902 miles). It is located in North America and flows through ten US states, including Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana. The river is a significant transportation route and is used for shipping goods, such as grain, coal, and petroleum.
Yenisei River
The Yenisei River is the fifth-longest river in the world, with a length of 5,539 kilometers (3,445 miles). It is located in Russia and flows through Mongolia, Russia, and Kazakhstan. The river is an important source of hydroelectric power and is used for irrigation and transportation.
These are just a few examples of the world's longest rivers. Each of these rivers has played a significant role in the development of the countries and regions they flow through and continues to provide important resources to the people who live along their banks.
List of Highest Mountains in the World
Rank | Mountain Name | Height (rounded) in Meters | Height (rounded) in Feets | Prominence (rounded) in Meters | Prominence (rounded) in Feets | Range | Parent Mountain | Country |
1 | Mount Everest, Sagarmatha, Chomolungma | 8,848 | 29,029 | 8,848 | 29,029 | Mahalangur Himalaya | - | Nepal, China |
2 | K2 | 8,611 | 28,251 | 4,020 | 13,190 | Baltoro Karakoram | Mount Everest | Pakistan, China |
3 | Kangchenjunga | 8,586 | 28,169 | 3,922 | 12,867 | Kangchenjunga Himalaya | Mount Everest | Nepal, India |
4 | Lhotse | 8,516 | 27,940 | 610 | 2,000 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Mount Everest | China, Nepal |
5 | Makalu | 8,485 | 27,838 | 2,378 | 7,802 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Mount Everest | Nepal, China |
6 | Cho Oyu | 8,188 | 26,864 | 2,340 | 7,680 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Mount Everest | China, Nepal |
7 | Dhaulagiri I | 8,167 | 26,795 | 3,357 | 11,014 | Dhaulagiri Himalaya | K2 | Nepal |
8 | Manaslu | 8,163 | 26,781 | 3,092 | 10,144 | Manaslu Himalaya | Cho Oyu | Nepal |
9 | Nanga Parbat | 8,126 | 26,660 | 4,608 | 15,118 | Nanga Parbat Himalaya | Dhaulagiri | Pakistan |
10 | Annapurna I | 8,091 | 26,545 | 2,984 | 9,790 | Annapurna Himalaya | Cho Oyu | Nepal |
11 | Gasherbrum I, Hidden Peak, K5 | 8,080 | 26,510 | 2,155 | 7,070 | Baltoro Karakoram | K2 | Pakistan, China |
12 | Broad Peak | 8,051 | 26,414 | 1,701 | 5,581 | Baltoro Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | China, Pakistan |
13 | Gasherbrum II, K4 | 8,035 | 26,362 | 1,524 | 5,000 | Baltoro Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | Pakistan, China |
14 | Shishapangma, Gosainthan | 8,027 | 26,335 | 2,897 | 9,505 | Jugal Himalaya | Cho Oyu | China |
15 | Gyachung Kang | 7,952 | 26,089 | 672 | 2,205 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Cho Oyu | Nepal, China |
16 | Gasherbrum III, K3a | 7,946 | 26,070 | 355 | 1,165 | Baltoro Karakoram | Gasherbrum II | Pakistan, China |
17 | Annapurna II | 7,937 | 26,040 | 2,437 | 7,995 | Annapurna Himalaya | Annapurna I | Nepal |
18 | Gasherbrum IV, K3 | 7,932 | 26,024 | 712 | 2,336 | Baltoro Karakoram | Gasherbrum III | Pakistan |
19 | Himalchuli | 7,893 | 25,896 | 1,633 | 5,358 | Manaslu Himalaya | Manaslu | Nepal |
20 | Distaghil Sar | 7,884 | 25,866 | 2,525 | 8,284 | Hispar Karakoram | K2 | Pakistan |
21 | Ngadi Chuli | 7,871 | 25,823 | 1,011 | 3,317 | Manaslu Himalaya | Manaslu | Nepal |
22 | Nuptse | 7,864 | 25,801 | 305 | 1,001 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Lhotse | Nepal |
23 | Khunyang Chhish | 7,823 | 25,666 | 1,765 | 5,791 | Hispar Karakoram | Distaghil Sar | Pakistan |
24 | Masherbrum, K1 | 7,821 | 25,659 | 2,457 | 8,061 | Masherbrum Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | Pakistan |
25 | Nanda Devi | 7,816 | 25,643 | 3,139 | 10,299 | Garhwal Himalaya | Dhaulagiri | India |
26 | Chomo Lonzo | 7,804 | 25,604 | 590 | 1,940 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Makalu | China |
27 | Batura Sar | 7,795 | 25,574 | 3,118 | 10,230 | Batura Karakoram | Distaghil Sar | Pakistan |
28 | Rakaposhi | 7,788 | 25,551 | 2,818 | 9,245 | Rakaposhi-Haramosh Karakoram | Khunyang Chhish | Pakistan |
29 | Namcha Barwa | 7,782 | 25,531 | 4,106 | 13,471 | Assam Himalaya | Kangchenjunga | China |
30 | Kanjut Sar | 7,760 | 25,460 | 1,660 | 5,450 | Hispar Karakoram | Khunyang Chhish | Pakistan |
31 | Kamet | 7,756 | 25,446 | 2,825 | 9,268 | Garhwal Himalaya | Nanda Devi | India |
32 | Dhaulagiri II | 7,751 | 25,430 | 2,397 | 7,864 | Dhaulagiri Himalaya | Dhaulagiri | Nepal |
33 | Saltoro Kangri, K10 | 7,742 | 25,400 | 2,160 | 7,090 | Saltoro Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | India, Pakistan |
34 | Kumbhakarna, Jannu | 7,711 | 25,299 | 1,036 | 3,399 | Kangchenjunga Himalaya | Kangchenjunga | Nepal |
35 | Tirich Mir | 7,708 | 25,289 | 3,910 | 12,830 | Hindu Kush | Batura Sar | Pakistan |
36 | Molamenqing | 7,703 | 25,272 | 433 | 1,421 | Langtang Himalaya | Shishapangma | China |
37 | Gurla Mandhata | 7,694 | 25,243 | 2,788 | 9,147 | Nalakankar Himalaya | Dhaulagiri | China |
38 | Saser Kangri I, K22 | 7,672 | 25,171 | 2,304 | 7,559 | Saser Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | India |
39 | Chogolisa | 7,665 | 25,148 | 1,624 | 5,328 | Masherbrum Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | Pakistan |
40 | Dhaulagiri IV | 7,661 | 25,135 | 469 | 1,539 | Dhaulagiri Himalaya | Dhaulagiri II | Nepal |
41 | Kongur Tagh | 7,649 | 25,095 | 3,585 | 11,762 | Kongur Shan (Eastern Pamirs) | Distaghil Sar | China |
42 | Dhaulagiri V | 7,618 | 24,993 | 340 | 1,120 | Dhaulagiri Himalaya | Dhaulagiri IV | Nepal |
43 | Shispare | 7,611 | 24,970 | 1,240 | 4,070 | Batura Karakoram | Batura Sar | Pakistan |
44 | Trivor | 7,577 | 24,859 | 997 | 3,271 | Hispar Karakoram | Distaghil Sar | Pakistan |
45 | Gangkhar Puensum | 7,570 | 24,840 | 2,995 | 9,826 | Kula Kangri Himalaya | Kangchenjunga | Bhutan, China |
46 | Gongga Shan, Minya Konka | 7,556 | 24,790 | 3,642 | 11,949 | Daxue Mountains (Hengduan Shan) | Mount Everest | China |
47 | Annapurna III | 7,555 | 24,787 | 703 | 2,306 | Annapurna Himalaya | Annapurna I | Nepal |
48 | Skyang Kangri | 7,545 | 24,754 | 1,085 | 3,560 | Baltoro Karakoram | K2 | Pakistan, China |
49 | Changtse | 7,543 | 24,747 | 514 | 1,686 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Mount Everest | China |
50 | Kula Kangri | 7,538 | 24,731 | 1,654 | 5,427 | Kula Kangri Himalaya | Gangkhar Puensum | China, Bhutan |
51 | Kongur Tiube | 7,530 | 24,700 | 840 | 2,760 | Kongur Shan (Eastern Pamirs) | Kongur Tagh | China |
52 | Annapurna IV | 7,525 | 24,688 | 255 | 837 | Annapurna Himalaya | Annapurna | Nepal |
53 | Mamostong Kangri | 7,516 | 24,659 | 1,803 | 5,915 | Rimo Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | India |
54 | Saser Kangri II E | 7,513 | 24,649 | 1,458 | 4,783 | Saser Karakoram | Saser Kangri I | India |
55 | Muztagh Ata | 7,509 | 24,636 | 2,698 | 8,852 | Muztagata (Eastern Pamirs) | Kongur Tagh | China |
56 | Ismoil Somoni Peak | 7,495 | 24,590 | 3,402 | 11,161 | Pamir (Academy of Sciences Range) | Muztagh Ata | Tajikistan |
57 | Saser Kangri III | 7,495 | 24,590 | 835 | 2,740 | Saser Karakoram | Saser Kangri I | India |
58 | Noshaq | 7,492 | 24,580 | 2,024 | 6,640 | Hindu Kush | Tirich Mir | Afghanistan, Pakistan |
59 | Pumari Chhish | 7,492 | 24,580 | 884 | 2,900 | Hispar Karakoram | Khunyang Chhish | Pakistan |
60 | Passu Sar | 7,476 | 24,528 | 647 | 2,123 | Batura Karakoram | Batura Sar | Pakistan |
61 | Yukshin Gardan Sar | 7,469 | 24,505 | 1,374 | 4,508 | Hispar Karakoram | Pumari Chhish | Pakistan |
62 | Teram Kangri I | 7,462 | 24,482 | 1,703 | 5,587 | Siachen Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | China, India |
63 | Jongsong Peak | 7,462 | 24,482 | 1,298 | 4,259 | Kangchenjunga Himalaya | Kangchenjunga | India, China, Nepal |
64 | Malubiting | 7,458 | 24,469 | 2,193 | 7,195 | Rakaposhi-Haramosh Karakoram | Rakaposhi | Pakistan |
65 | Gangapurna | 7,455 | 24,459 | 563 | 1,847 | Annapurna Himalaya | Annapurna III | Nepal |
66 | Jengish Chokusu, Tömür, Pik Pobedy | 7,439 | 24,406 | 4,148 | 13,609 | Tian Shan | Ismail Samani Peak | Kyrgyzstan, China |
67 | Sunanda Devi, Nanda Devi East | 7,434 | 24,390 | 229 | 751 | Garhwal Himalaya | Nanda Devi | India |
68 | K12 | 7,428 | 24,370 | 1,978 | 6,490 | Saltoro Karakoram | Saltoro Kangri | India, Pakistan |
69 | Yangra, Ganesh I | 7,422 | 24,350 | 2,352 | 7,717 | Ganesh Himalaya | Shishapangma | China, Nepal |
70 | Sia Kangri | 7,422 | 24,350 | 642 | 2,106 | Siachen Karakoram | Gasherbrum I | Pakistan, China |
71 | Momhil Sar | 7,414 | 24,324 | 907 | 2,976 | Hispar Karakoram | Trivor | Pakistan |
72 | Kabru N | 7,412 | 24,318 | 720 | 2,360 | Kangchenjunga Himalaya | Kangchenjunga | India, Nepal |
73 | Skil Brum | 7,410 | 24,310 | 1,152 | 3,780 | Baltoro Karakoram | K2 | Pakistan |
74 | Haramosh Peak | 7,409 | 24,308 | 2,277 | 7,470 | Rakaposhi-Haramosh Karakoram | Malubiting | Pakistan |
75 | Istor-o-Nal | 7,403 | 24,288 | 1,043 | 3,422 | Hindu Kush | Noshaq | Pakistan |
76 | Ghent Kangri | 7,401 | 24,281 | 1,493 | 4,898 | Saltoro Karakoram | Saltoro Kangri | India, Pakistan |
77 | Ultar | 7,388 | 24,239 | 688 | 2,257 | Batura Karakoram | Shispare | Pakistan |
78 | Rimo I | 7,385 | 24,229 | 1,428 | 4,685 | Rimo Karakoram | Teram Kangri I | India |
79 | Churen Himal | 7,385 | 24,229 | 650 | 2,130 | Dhaulagiri Himalaya | Dhaulagiri IV | Nepal |
80 | Teram Kangri III | 7,382 | 24,219 | 520 | 1,710 | Siachen Karakoram | Teram Kangri I | India, China |
81 | Sherpi Kangri | 7,380 | 24,210 | 1,320 | 4,330 | Saltoro Karakoram | Ghent Kangri | India, Pakistan |
82 | Labuche Kang | 7,367 | 24,170 | 1,957 | 6,421 | Labuche Himalaya | Cho Oyu | China |
83 | Kirat Chuli | 7,362 | 24,154 | 1,168 | 3,832 | Kangchenjunga Himalaya | Kangchenjunga | Nepal, India |
84 | Abi Gamin | 7,355 | 24,131 | 217 | 712 | Garhwal Himalaya | Kamet | India, China |
85 | Gimmigela Chuli, The Twins | 7,350 | 24,110 | 432 | 1,417 | Kangchenjunga Himalaya | Kangchenjunga | India, Nepal |
86 | Nangpai Gosum | 7,350 | 24,110 | 427 | 1,401 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Cho Oyu | Nepal, China |
87 | Saraghrar | 7,349 | 24,111 | 1,979 | 6,493 | Hindu Kush | Noshaq | Pakistan |
88 | Talung | 7,349 | 24,111 | 366 | 1,201 | Kangchenjunga Himalaya | Kabru | Nepal, India |
89 | Jomolhari, Chomo Lhari | 7,326 | 24,035 | 2,341 | 7,680 | Jomolhari Himalaya | Gangkhar Puensum | Bhutan, China |
90 | Chamlang | 7,321 | 24,019 | 1,241 | 4,072 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Lhotse | Nepal |
91 | Chongtar | 7,315 | 23,999 | 1,295 | 4,249 | Baltoro Karakoram | Skil Brum | China |
92 | Baltoro Kangri | 7,312 | 23,990 | 1,140 | 3,740 | Masherbrum Karakoram | Chogolisa | Pakistan |
93 | Siguang Ri | 7,309 | 23,980 | 669 | 2,195 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Cho Oyu | China |
94 | The Crown, Huang Guan Shan | 7,295 | 23,934 | 1,919 | 6,296 | Yengisogat Karakoram | Skil Brum (K2) | China |
95 | Gyala Peri | 7,294 | 23,930 | 2,942 | 9,652 | Assam Himalaya | Mount Everest | China |
96 | Porong Ri | 7,292 | 23,924 | 512 | 1,680 | Langtang Himalaya | Shishapangma | China |
97 | Baintha Brakk, The Ogre | 7,285 | 23,901 | 1,891 | 6,204 | Panmah Karakoram | Kanjut Sar | Pakistan |
98 | Yutmaru Sar | 7,283 | 23,894 | 680 | 2,230 | Hispar Karakoram | Yukshin Gardan Sar | Pakistan |
99 | K6, Baltistan Peak | 7,282 | 23,891 | 1,962 | 6,437 | Masherbrum Karakoram | Chogolisa | Pakistan |
100 | Kangpenqing, Gang Benchhen | 7,281 | 23,888 | 1,345 | 4,413 | Baiku Himalaya | Shishapangma | China |
101 | Muztagh Tower | 7,276 | 23,871 | 1,710 | 5,610 | Baltoro Karakoram | Skil Brum | Pakistan, China |
102 | Mana Peak | 7,272 | 23,858 | 732 | 2,402 | Garhwal Himalaya | Kamet | India |
103 | Dhaulagiri VI | 7,268 | 23,845 | 488 | 1,601 | Dhaulagiri Himalaya | Dhaulagiri IV | Nepal |
104 | Diran | 7,266 | 23,839 | 1,329 | 4,360 | Rakaposhi-Haramosh Karakoram | Malubiting | Pakistan |
105 | Labuche Kang III, Labuche Kang East | 7,250 | 23,790 | 570 | 1,870 | Labuche Himalaya | Labuche Himilaya | China |
106 | Putha Hiunchuli | 7,246 | 23,773 | 1,151 | 3,776 | Dhaulagiri Himalaya | Churen Himal | Nepal |
107 | Apsarasas Kangri | 7,245 | 23,770 | 607 | 1,991 | Siachen Karakoram | Teram Kangri I | India, China |
108 | Mukut Parbat | 7,242 | 23,760 | 683 | 2,241 | Garhwal Himalaya | Kamet | India, China |
109 | Rimo III | 7,233 | 23,730 | 613 | 2,011 | Rimo Karakoram | Rimo I | India |
110 | Langtang Lirung | 7,227 | 23,711 | 1,534 | 5,033 | Langtang Himalaya | Shishapangma | Nepal |
111 | Karjiang | 7,221 | 23,691 | 895 | 2,936 | Kula Kangri Himalaya | Kula Kangri | China |
112 | Annapurna Dakshin (Annapurna South) | 7,219 | 23,684 | 769 | 2,523 | Annapurna Himalaya | Annapurna | Nepal |
113 | Khartaphu | 7,213 | 23,665 | 712 | 2,336 | Mahalangur Himalaya | Mount Everest | China |
114 | Tongshanjiabu | 7,207 | 23,645 | 1,757 | 5,764 | Lunana Himalaya | Gangkhar Puensum | Bhutan, China |
115 | Malangutti Sar | 7,207 | 23,645 | 507 | 1,663 | Hispar Karakoram | Distaghil Sar | Pakistan |
116 | Noijin Kangsang, Norin Kang | 7,206 | 23,642 | 2,160 | 7,090 | Nagarze Himalaya | Gangkhar Puensum | China |
117 | Langtang Ri | 7,205 | 23,638 | 665 | 2,182 | Langtang Himalaya | Shishapangma | Nepal, China |
118 | Kangphu Kang, Shimokangri | 7,204 | 23,635 | 1,244 | 4,081 | Lunana Himalaya | Tongshanjiabu | Bhutan, China |
119 | Singhi Kangri | 7,202 | 23,629 | 730 | 2,400 | Siachen Karakoram | Teram Kangri III | India, China |
120 | Lupghar Sar | 7,200 | 23,600 | 730 | 2,400 | Hispar Karakoram | Momhil Sar | Pakistan |
Mount Everest, also known as Sagarmatha in Nepal and Chomolungma in Tibet, is the highest mountain in the world at 8,848.86 meters (29,031.69 feet). It is located in the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and Tibet. The mountain was first climbed by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay on May 29, 1953.
K2, also known as Mount Godwin-Austen, is the second-highest mountain in the world at 8,611 meters (28,251 feet). It is located on the border between Pakistan and China. K2 is known for its difficulty and danger, and has been climbed by only a few hundred people, compared to thousands who have climbed Everest.
Kangchenjunga is the third-highest mountain in the world at 8,586 meters (28,169 feet). It is located on the border between Nepal and India. Kangchenjunga is known for its five peaks, with the highest peak, Kangchenjunga Main, being the third-highest peak in the world.
Lhotse is the fourth-highest mountain in the world at 8,516 meters (27,940 feet). It is located on the border between Nepal and Tibet, and is connected to Mount Everest by the South Col. Lhotse is known for its steep faces, and is considered one of the most challenging climbs in the world.
Makalu is the fifth-highest mountain in the world at 8,485 meters (27,838 feet). It is located on the border between Nepal and Tibet, and is known for its pyramid-shaped peak. Makalu has been climbed by only a few hundred people.
These are just a few of the highest mountains in the world. There are many other peaks that are also considered among the highest, including Cho Oyu, Dhaulagiri, Manaslu, and Annapurna. Climbing any of these mountains is considered a major achievement in the world of mountaineering.
List of World's Deserts by Area
Rank | Desert Name | Type | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi) | Location | Country(s) |
1 | Antarctic Desert | Polar ice and tundra | 14,200,000 | 5,482,651 | Antarctica | - |
2 | Arctic Desert | Polar ice and tundra | 13,900,000 | 5,366,820 | Eastern Europe, Northern America, Northern Asia, Northern Europe | United States, Canada, Greenland, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Jan Mayen, Russia, Svalbard, and Sweden |
3 | Sahara Desert | Subtropical | 9,200,000 | 3,552,140 | Eastern Africa, Middle Africa, Northern Africa, Western Africa | Algeria, Western Sahara, Chad, Eritrea, Egypt, Mali, Libya, Morocco, Mauritania, Niger, Tunisia, and Sudan |
4 | Great Australian | Subtropical | 2,700,000 | 1,042,476 | Australia | Australia |
5 | Arabian Desert | Subtropical | 2,330,000 | 899,618 | Western Asia | Yemen, Iraq, Kuwait, Jordan, Qatar, Oman, United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia |
6 | Gobi Desert | Cold winter | 1,295,000 | 500,002 | Eastern Asia | China, and Mongolia |
7 | Kalahari Desert | Subtropical | 900,000 | 347,492 | Southern Africa | South Africa, Botswana, and Namibia |
8 | Patagonian Desert | Cold winter | 673,000 | 259,847 | South America | Argentina |
9 | Syrian Desert | Subtropical | 500,000 | 193,051 | Western Asia | Iraq, Syria, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia |
10 | Great Basin | Cold winter | 492,098 | 190,000 | Northern America | United States |
11 | Chihuahuan Desert | Subtropical | 453,248 | 175,000 | Northern America | United States, and Mexico |
12 | Karakum Desert | Cold winter | 350,000 | 135,136 | Central Asia | Turkmenistan |
13 | Great Victoria | Subtropical | 348,750 | 134,653 | Western Australia, South Australia | Australia |
14 | Colorado Plateau | Cold winter | 337,000 | 130,116 | Northern America | United States |
15 | Sonoran Desert | Subtropical | 310,000 | 119,692 | Central America, Northern America | United States and Mexico |
16 | Kyzylkum Desert | Cold winter | 300,000 | 115,831 | Central Asia | Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Kazakhstan |
17 | Taklamakan Desert | Cold winter | 270,000 | 104,248 | Eastern Asia | China |
18 | Ogden Desert | Subtropical | 256,000 | 98,842 | Eastern Africa | Ethiopia, Somaliland, and Somalia |
19 | Thar Desert | Subtropical | 238,254 | 77,220 | Southern Asia | Pakistan and India |
20 | Puntland Desert | Subtropical | 200,000 | 77,220 | Eastern Africa | Somalia |
21 | Ustyurt Plateau | Temperate | 200,000 | 77,220 | Central Asia | Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan |
22 | Guban Desert | Subtropical | 175,000 | 67,568 | Eastern Africa | Somalia / Somaliland |
23 | Namib Desert | Cool coastal | 160,000 | 61,776 | Middle Africa, Southern Africa | Angola, South Africa, and Namibia |
24 | Dasht-e Margo | Subtropical | 150,000 | 57,915 | Southern Asia | Afghanistan |
25 | Registan Desert | Subtropical | 146,000 | 56,371 | Southern Asia | Afghanistan |
26 | Atacama Desert | Mild coastal | 140,000 | 54,054 | South America | Peru and Chile |
27 | Danakil Desert | Subtropical | 137,000 | 52,896 | Eastern Africa | Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Eritrea |
28 | Mojave Desert | Subtropical | 124,000 | 47,877 | Northern America | United States |
29 | Chalbi Desert | Subtropical | 100,000 | 38,610 | Eastern Africa | Kenya |
30 | Columbia Basin | Cold winter | 83,139 | 32,100 | Northern America | United States and Canada |
31 | Dasht-e Kavir | Subtropical | 77,000 | 29,730 | Southern Asia | Iran |
32 | Ferlo Desert | Subtropical | 70,000 | 27,027 | Western Africa | Senegal |
33 | Ladakh Desert | Cold winter | 59,146 | 22,836 | Southern Asia | India |
34 | Dasht-e Lut | Subtropical | 52,000 | 20,077 | Southern Asia | Iran |
Deserts are vast regions of land that receive very little rainfall, making it difficult for vegetation to grow and thrive. Some deserts are hot and dry, while others are cold and icy. The world's largest deserts are located in various parts of the world and cover a significant amount of land area.
Antarctic Desert
The Antarctic Desert is the largest desert in the world, covering approximately 14 million square kilometers. It is located in the southernmost part of the world, on the continent of Antarctica. The region is characterized by extremely cold temperatures and low precipitation, with much of the water locked up in ice sheets.
Arctic Desert
The Arctic Desert is the second largest desert in the world, covering approximately 13.7 million square kilometers. It is located in the northernmost part of the world, around the Arctic Circle. The region is characterized by extremely cold temperatures and low precipitation, with much of the water locked up in snow and ice.
Sahara Desert
The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering approximately 9.2 million square kilometers. It is located in North Africa, and spans across several countries, including Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, and Niger. The Sahara is known for its high temperatures, sand dunes, and vast stretches of barren land.
Arabian Desert
The Arabian Desert is the fourth largest desert in the world, covering approximately 2.3 million square kilometers. It is located in the Middle East, spanning across several countries, including Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates. The Arabian Desert is known for its hot temperatures, sand dunes, and occasional oases.
Gobi Desert
The Gobi Desert is the fifth largest desert in the world, covering approximately 1.3 million square kilometers. It is located in Asia, spanning across northern and northwestern China and southern Mongolia. The Gobi Desert is known for its extreme temperature fluctuations, ranging from hot summers to cold winters, and its unique landscapes of sand dunes, mountains, and rocky terrain.
Deserts are harsh and challenging environments, but they also provide unique habitats for many plant and animal species that have adapted to survive in these extreme conditions. They are also important sources of natural resources, including minerals and fossil fuels.
World Politics
World politics is the study of how different countries interact with each other in the international arena, including economic, social, and political relationships. It involves the analysis of international organizations, treaties, alliances, and conflicts between states. It is a constantly evolving field, shaped by various historical, cultural, and economic factors.
One of the key elements of world politics is the balance of power between nations. This refers to the distribution of military and economic power among states and how it impacts their relationships with one another. Historically, the balance of power has been a major factor in shaping international relations. It was the driving force behind many conflicts, such as the World Wars and the Cold War.
In recent times, globalization has become a significant factor in world politics. The rise of multinational corporations and the increased flow of information and ideas across borders has brought about greater interdependence between nations. This has led to the formation of new global institutions, such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, and the International Criminal Court, which aim to facilitate cooperation between countries.
However, globalization has also led to new challenges and conflicts, such as the increasing gap between the rich and poor, environmental degradation, and terrorism. These issues have sparked debates on how to balance the benefits of globalization with the need to protect national sovereignty and cultural identity.
One of the most significant challenges facing world politics today is climate change. The scientific consensus is clear that human activity is causing global temperatures to rise at an alarming rate, with devastating consequences for the planet. Addressing this issue will require a coordinated global effort, with countries working together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transition to renewable energy sources.
Another important issue in world politics is the rise of authoritarianism and populism. In recent years, we have seen the erosion of democratic norms and the rise of leaders who openly flout the rule of law and human rights. This has led to concerns about the future of democracy and the potential for conflict between democratic and authoritarian regimes.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also had a significant impact on world politics. The virus has exposed weaknesses in global health systems and highlighted the need for greater international cooperation. It has also led to new forms of nationalism and protectionism, as countries seek to prioritize their own interests in the face of a global crisis.
In conclusion, world politics is a complex and ever-changing field, shaped by a wide range of factors. It involves the analysis of international relations, global institutions, and key challenges facing the world today. From the balance of power and globalization to climate change and authoritarianism, there are many important issues that require our attention and cooperation. By working together, we can create a more peaceful and prosperous world for all.
Religions in the World
Religion is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that has played a significant role in shaping human societies throughout history. From ancient times to the present day, various religions have emerged and spread across the globe, influencing everything from art, politics, and philosophy to social norms and cultural practices.
Here is an overview of some of the major religions in the world:
Christianity
Christianity is the world's largest religion, with over 2.4 billion followers. It is based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, who Christians believe is the son of God. Christianity is divided into several denominations, including Catholicism, Protestantism, and Orthodox Christianity. Each denomination has its own set of beliefs, practices, and rituals.
Islam
Islam is the second-largest religion in the world, with over 1.8 billion followers. It is based on the teachings of the prophet Muhammad, who Muslims believe is the last and final prophet sent by God. Islam is characterized by its five pillars, which include the declaration of faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage to Mecca.
Hinduism
Hinduism is the oldest religion in the world, with roots dating back to ancient India. It is a diverse religion with many different beliefs and practices, but it is generally characterized by its emphasis on karma, dharma, and reincarnation. Hinduism is also notable for its vast pantheon of gods and goddesses, including Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion that originated in ancient India and is based on the teachings of the Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gautama. Buddhists believe in the Four Noble Truths, which include the truth of suffering, the truth of the cause of suffering, the truth of the cessation of suffering, and the truth of the path that leads to the cessation of suffering. Buddhism also emphasizes mindfulness, meditation, and the pursuit of enlightenment.
Judaism
Judaism is the oldest Abrahamic religion and is based on the belief in one God. It is characterized by its emphasis on the Hebrew Bible, which includes the Torah and other sacred texts. Judaism also includes a rich tradition of rituals and practices, including the celebration of the Sabbath and the observance of dietary laws.
Sikhism
Sikhism is a religion that originated in India and is based on the teachings of Guru Nanak. It is characterized by its emphasis on the oneness of God, the importance of service and charity, and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment. Sikhs also wear distinctive turbans and other articles of clothing as a symbol of their faith.
Confucianism
Confucianism is a philosophy and ethical system that originated in ancient China. It is based on the teachings of Confucius, who emphasized the importance of social harmony, respect for elders, and the pursuit of moral excellence. Confucianism also includes a system of rituals and practices that are meant to promote social order and stability.
Taoism
Taoism is a religion and philosophical system that originated in ancient China. It is based on the concept of the Tao, which refers to the natural order and flow of the universe. Taoism emphasizes the importance of simplicity, humility, and harmony with nature. It also includes a system of practices such as meditation and martial arts.
Shintoism
Shintoism is a religion that originated in Japan and is based on the worship of kami, or spirits, that are believed to inhabit the natural world. Shintoism is characterized by its emphasis on ritual purity, respect for ancestors, and the importance of nature. It also includes a rich tradition of festivals and rituals.