Bihar Map

About Bihar Map

The Bihar Map presents all the districts of Bihar along with their administrative boundaries and district headquarters. Patna, the capital city of Bihar, is also marked prominently on the map of Bihar. Located in eastern India, Bihar shares an international border with Nepal to the north and is surrounded by Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. Various colors have been used to distinguish the districts clearly for better readability of Bihar district map. Important districts including Gaya, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Bhagalpur, Purnea, and Patna are shown on the Bihar map. The inset map indicates the geographical location of Bihar within India.

Districts of Bihar

Facts about Bihar

About Bihar

Covering around 94, 163 square kilometers (36,357 square miles), Bihar is an Eastern Indian state. With a population of more than 124 million as recorded in the 2011 Census, it is the third most populous state in India and the 12th biggest by area. From the north, Bihar borders Nepal; from the west, Uttar Pradesh; from the south, Jharkhand; from the east, West Bengal. One of India's most significant rivers, the Ganges runs through the state and provides rich soil for support of farming.

Historical Relevance

From ancient times, Bihar has been the hub of power, knowledge, and culture as well as a site of historical legacy. It was the capital of the Magadha Empire, which greatly influenced the growth of Buddhism and Jainism. Originating in Bihar, the Maurya Dynasty under Emperor Ashoka and the Gupta Dynasty helped to bring about India's Golden Age. This area housed the ancient colleges of Nalanda and Vikramshila, among the first in the world. With the Champaran Satyagraha headed by Mahatma Gandhi in 1917 among the first demonstrations against British colonial control, the state has also been important in India's independence fight.

Geography and Climate

Bihar is a land locked state of eastern India, though not touching the Bay of Bengal still it is situated in the eastern part of the country in the eastern part of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The principal river is Ganga which is flowing from west to east through the state. The northern part of the state includes flat plains of alluvium brought down by the great Himalayan rivers like Gandak, Kosi, Bagmati and Mahananda. The southern part of the state consists of the relatively higher plains and rocky outcrops of Chotanagpur Plateau. It is very much an agriculture friendly state. The water and soil of the place are very fertile.

Bihar, though subtropical, has hot summer and wet rainy season. Summer temperature is known to touch as high as 40°C in some parts. Though winters in Bihar are mild and pleasant, it is the period of rainfall in other parts of country that makes the state’s weather rather gloomy. It rains mostly during the southwest monsoon months of June to September. The rivers, which are life lines of Bihar, physically and economically, sometimes unleash terrific floods, most severe in the northern part of the state where the Kosi River is known to create havoc crossing over to neighboring Nepal. It is dreaded by Bihar people so much that they often call its course and floods as the “Sorrow of Bihar”.

Agronomy and Economics

Since most of the people of Bihar work in agriculture, their economy is essentially rural. The rich Gangetic plains help to grow rice, wheat, maize, lentils, sugarcane. Among India's litchis and makhana (fox nuts), the state has one of highest output. Bihar has made progress in the last few years in improving its infrastructure, starting service businesses, and starting small-scale industries. Its economy, on the other hand, has suffered because it hasn't industrialized enough, even though it has a lot of potential for agriculture. Bihar's Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) was expected to reach ₹7.5 trillion ($90 billion) in 2022, which is more than the rest of the country. The service sector, which includes business, healthcare, education, and more, is becoming a big part of the economy's growth.

Research Facilities and Education

With Nalanda University among the first universities in the world, Bihar has a strong historical relationship to education. The state now hosts Patna University, Nalanda University (reopened as an international research center), and IIT Patna among numerous colleges. Notwithstanding this, Bihar struggles to upgrade school facilities and higher education; while new projects like scholarships and skill development programs have showed promise.

Government and Politics

Bihar has a dynamic political scene in which regional parties are very important for state administration. The state legislature is made up of the Bihar Legislative Assembly and the Bihar Legislative Council. The national government is run by the Governor, and the state government is run by the Chief Minister. People like Jayaprakash Narayan and Lalu Prasad Yadav have been in charge of important political events in India's past. Political movements in Bihar have sometimes had an effect on politics in the rest of the country.

Cultural Heritage and Tourism

Many historical and religious sites abound in Bihar. A main pilgrimage site, Bodh Gaya is a UNESCO World Heritage Site where Gautama Buddha gained enlightenment beneath the Bodhi tree. Other important places include Rajgir, the Vikramshila Monastery, Vaishali (which has something to do with Mahavira and Buddha), and the ruins of Nalanda University. Many Hindus visit holy places like Sonepur Mela and Vishnupad Temple in Gaya. The state also has holidays like Chhath Puja that are very important to its culture and religion.

Social Significance and Healthcare Measures

Bihar's healthcare has gotten better, but it still has problems with its facilities and getting services to people who need them. The state now places a higher value on primary healthcare centers and mother care programs. People who live in rural areas can now get medical care more easily thanks to free medicine programs and transportation services. Still unresolved, nevertheless, hunger, child mortality, and sanitation problems need for ongoing legislative initiatives.

Transport and Connectivity

Bihar has a good connectivity of transport across the state that links major cities and districts of state together through Road, Railway and Airways. East Central Railway zone has connected major cities and districts of Bihar which include, Patna, Gaya, Muzaffarpur and Barauni etc. Several National Highway and Express Way connects Bihar with its neighboring states, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.

Two international airports at Patna (Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport) and Gaya (Gaya International Airport) offer connections for domestic and international flights. The inland waterways of Ganga are being developed for transportation of both goods and passengers. Rapid urbanisation and large scale of infrastructure development in the state has led to creation of connectivity within the state through construction of Ganga bridges.

Language and Demographics

Hindi is the official language of Bihar and Urdu is an official language in some parts of the state. Other languages that are spoken in the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi and several other regional languages that are deeply a part of the state’s ethos. Maithili is also included in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution.

Bihar has one of the youngest population in India with majority of its population inhabiting in rural areas residing in villages and small cities/towns across the state. This diverse geography and demography have shaped a rich folk heritage of music, literature and festivals. The people are very social and their life is full of festivities. Some of the main festivals celebrated in Bihar are Chhath Puja, Diwali, Holi, Eid, Makar Sankranti etc.